A nurse is caring for a pediatric patient with suspected dehydration.
The child presents with diarrhea and vomiting.
What clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to observe in this patient?

Choice A rationale:

Lethargy and muscle weakness are common signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

Dehydration can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, which affects muscle function and overall energy levels.

Choice B rationale:

Increased appetite and hyperactivity are not typical signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

Dehydration often leads to a decreased appetite and lethargy.

Choice C rationale:

Shortness of breath and coughing are not directly related to electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

These symptoms are more likely to be associated with respiratory or pulmonary issues rather than dehydration.

Choice D rationale:

Excessive thirst and urination are common signs of dehydration but are not indicative of electrolyte imbalances.

These symptoms occur as the body attempts to compensate for fluid loss by increasing thirst and increasing urine output.

Electrolyte imbalances are more likely to manifest as muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias.

Choice A rationale:

Administer electrolyte solutions or supplements as prescribed by the physician.

Rationale: While administering electrolyte solutions or supplements may be part of the treatment plan for a dehydrated child, it is not the initial action that the nurse should take.

The first step should be to assess the child's condition and monitor their response to treatment.

Choice B rationale:

Monitor the child’s response to treatment and adjust the plan accordingly.

Rationale: This is The correct answer.

Dehydration is a complex condition, and the nurse's initial action should be to closely monitor the child's response to treatment, which may include oral or intravenous rehydration.

By monitoring the child's vital signs, urine output, and clinical signs, the nurse can make real-time adjustments to the treatment plan.

Choice C rationale:

Collaborate with physicians, nutritionists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care.

Rationale: Collaboration with other healthcare professionals is important for the overall care of the child, but it is not the immediate action needed to correct electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

Monitoring and treatment adjustments come first.

Choice D rationale:

Assess the degree of dehydration based on clinical signs and symptoms.

Rationale: While assessing the degree of dehydration is important, it should not be the only action taken.

Monitoring the child's response to treatment and adjusting the plan is equally crucial.

Dehydration assessment is typically part of the initial evaluation, but ongoing monitoring is necessary to ensure the child's condition improves.