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A client is curious about a test that allows for direct visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. What test is the client referring to?

A.

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) series

B.

Esophageal manometry

C.

24-hour pH monitoring

D.

Upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, or EGD)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Incorrect. An upper gastrointestinal (GI) series involves X-ray imaging of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine with the use of a contrast material. It does not allow for direct visualization.

B) Incorrect. Esophageal manometry measures the pressure and coordination of the muscles in the esophagus. It does not provide direct visualization.

C) Incorrect. 24-hour pH monitoring measures the amount of acid in the esophagus over a 24-hour period. It does not involve direct visualization.

D) Correct. Upper endoscopy (EGD) involves the insertion of a flexible tube with a camera through the mouth and into the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, allowing for direct visualization of the gastrointestinal tract. It also allows for tissue biopsies if needed.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect. Increased blood pressure readings may not be directly related to GERD. They may be a separate issue and should be assessed independently.

B) Correct. Persistent cough and hoarseness are symptoms that can be associated with GERD. Acid reflux into the throat can lead to irritation and inflammation, resulting in a chronic cough and hoarseness.

C) Incorrect. Cold and clammy skin are not typical symptoms of GERD. These symptoms may be indicative of other conditions or factors.

D) Incorrect. Blurred vision and dizziness are not typically associated with GERD. These symptoms may be related to other health issues.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Incorrect. A frequent exercise routine is not a risk factor for GERD; in fact, regular exercise can be beneficial in managing GERD.

B) Incorrect. While smoking is a risk factor for many health conditions, it is not a specific risk factor for GERD.

C) Incorrect. Consistent consumption of high-fiber foods is generally beneficial for digestive health and is not a risk factor for GERD.

D) Correct. A hiatal hernia can increase the risk of GERD because it can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus.

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