A client is prescribed diazepam, a Schedule IV medication, for anxiety. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following substances while taking this medication?
Grapefruit juice
Grapefruit juice
Coffee
Water
The Correct Answer is A
Correct answer: a) Grapefruit juice
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of diazepam, a benzodiazepine that acts on the central nervous system to reduce anxiety and induce sedation. This can increase the blood levels and effects of diazepam, which can lead to excessive sedation, respiratory depression, and overdose. The client should avoid grapefruit juice and other citrus fruits while taking this medication.
Incorrect choices:
b) Milk: Milk does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication.
c) Coffee: Coffee does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication. However, caffeine can have a stimulant effect that may counteract the sedative effect of diazepam.
d) Water: Water does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication. In fact, the client should drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration and maintain renal function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Correct answer: a) Grapefruit juice
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of diazepam, a benzodiazepine that acts on the central nervous system to reduce anxiety and induce sedation. This can increase the blood levels and effects of diazepam, which can lead to excessive sedation, respiratory depression, and overdose. The client should avoid grapefruit juice and other citrus fruits while taking this medication.
Incorrect choices:
b) Milk: Milk does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication.
c) Coffee: Coffee does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication. However, caffeine can have a stimulant effect that may counteract the sedative effect of diazepam.
d) Water: Water does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication. In fact, the client should drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration and maintain renal function.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Correct answer: a) Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that binds to opioid receptors and displaces opioids from them, thereby reversing their effects. It is used as an antidote for opioid overdose and can rapidly restore respiration and consciousness.
Incorrect choices:
b) Flumazenil: This is a benzodiazepine antagonist that reverses the effects of benzodiazepines, not opioids.
c) Acetylcysteine: This is an antidote for acetaminophen overdose, not opioid overdose.
d) Physostigmine: This is an antidote for anticholinergic overdose, not opioid overdose.
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