A client is prescribed diazepam, a Schedule IV medication, for anxiety. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following substances while taking this medication?

Grapefruit juice

Coffee

Water

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Correct answer: a) Grapefruit juice

Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of diazepam, a benzodiazepine that acts on the central nervous system to reduce anxiety and induce sedation. This can increase the blood levels and effects of diazepam, which can lead to excessive sedation, respiratory depression, and overdose. The client should avoid grapefruit juice and other citrus fruits while taking this medication.

Incorrect choices:

b) Milk: Milk does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication.

c) Coffee: Coffee does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication. However, caffeine can have a stimulant effect that may counteract the sedative effect of diazepam.

d) Water: Water does not interact with diazepam and can be consumed safely while taking this medication. In fact, the client should drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration and maintain renal function.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct answer: a) Constipation

Rationale: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain. It also has peripheral effects, such as decreasing gastrointestinal motility and secretion, which can cause constipation. The nurse should advise the client to increase fluid and fiber intake, exercise regularly, and use stool softeners or laxatives as needed to prevent or treat constipation.

Incorrect choices:

b) Hypertension: Oxycodone can cause hypotension, not hypertension, due to its vasodilatory effect.

c) Tachycardia: Oxycodone can cause bradycardia, not tachycardia, due to its vagal stimulation effect.

d) Diarrhea: Oxycodone can cause constipation, not diarrhea, due to its decreased gastrointestinal motility and secretion effect.

A. "You should not take more than the prescribed dose because it can cause dependence and withdrawal symptoms." B. "You should talk to your provider about changing your medication because zolpidem is not effective for you." C. "You should try some nonpharmacological methods to improve your sleep quality, such as relaxation techniques and avoiding caffeine." D. All of the above.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct answer: d) All of the above.
Rationale: The nurse should provide all of these responses to educate the client about the risks and alternatives of taking zolpidem, a controlled substance. Taking more than the prescribed dose can lead to physical and psychological dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms, which can be dangerous and unpleasant. Changing the medication may be necessary if zolpidem is not effective for the client's insomnia, as there may be other underlying causes or better options for treatment. Trying some nonpharmacological methods can also help improve sleep quality and reduce reliance on medications.

Incorrect choices:
a) "You should not take more than the prescribed dose because it can cause dependence and withdrawal symptoms.": This is correct but not comprehensive as it does not include other responses that are helpful for the client.
b) "You should talk to your provider about changing your medication because zolpidem is not effective for you.": This is correct but not comprehensive as it does not include other responses that are helpful for the client.
c) "You should try some nonpharmacological methods to improve your sleep quality, such as relaxation techniques and avoiding caffeine.": This is correct but not comprehensive as it does not include other responses that are helpful for the client.

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A client is prescribed diazepam, a Schedule IV medication, for anxiety. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following substances while taking this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has chronic pain and takes oxycodone, a Schedule II medication, on a regular basis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of oxycodone?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client who has insomnia is prescribed zolpidem, a controlled substance, by their primary care provider. The client tells the nurse that they have been taking more than the prescribed dose because they still have trouble falling asleep. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is teaching a client who has insomnia about zolpidem, a Schedule IV medication. The nurse should include which of the following information in the teaching?

A client is admitted to the emergency department with signs of opioid overdose, such as pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and altered mental status. The nurse anticipates that the prescriber will order which of the following medications to reverse the effects of the opioid?

A client is prescribed diazepam, a Schedule IV medication, for anxiety. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following substances while taking this medication?