A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and takes clozapine, a Schedule V medication. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following serious adverse effects of clozapine?
Agranulocytosis
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Torsades de pointes
Rhabdomyolysis
The Correct Answer is A
Correct answer: a) Agranulocytosis
Rationale: Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic that acts on the central nervous system to reduce psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia. It also has a low potential for abuse and dependence, which is why it is classified as a Schedule V medication. However, it can cause agranulocytosis, a life-threatening condition characterized by a severe decrease in white blood cells that increases the risk of infection. The nurse should monitor the client's complete blood count (CBC) regularly and report any signs of infection such as fever, sore throat, or mouth ulcers.
Incorrect choices:
b) Stevens-Johnson syndrome: This is a rare but serious skin reaction that can be caused by some medications such as sulfonamides, anticonvulsants, and allopurinol, not clozapine.
c) Torsades de pointes: This is a rare but serious cardiac arrhythmia that can be caused by some medications such as antiarrhythmics, antibiotics, and antidepressants that prolong the QT interval, not clozapine.
d) Rhabdomyolysis: This is a rare but serious condition characterized by muscle breakdown and renal failure that can be caused by some medications such as statins, antipsychotics, and corticosteroids, not clozapine.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Correct answer: a) Agranulocytosis
Rationale: Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic that acts on the central nervous system to reduce psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia. It also has a low potential for abuse and dependence, which is why it is classified as a Schedule V medication. However, it can cause agranulocytosis, a life-threatening condition characterized by a severe decrease in white blood cells that increases the risk of infection. The nurse should monitor the client's complete blood count (CBC) regularly and report any signs of infection such as fever, sore throat, or mouth ulcers.
Incorrect choices:
b) Stevens-Johnson syndrome: This is a rare but serious skin reaction that can be caused by some medications such as sulfonamides, anticonvulsants, and allopurinol, not clozapine.
c) Torsades de pointes: This is a rare but serious cardiac arrhythmia that can be caused by some medications such as antiarrhythmics, antibiotics, and antidepressants that prolong the QT interval, not clozapine.
d) Rhabdomyolysis: This is a rare but serious condition characterized by muscle breakdown and renal failure that can be caused by some medications such as statins, antipsychotics, and corticosteroids, not clozapine.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Correct answer: a) Constipation
Rationale: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain. It also has peripheral effects, such as decreasing gastrointestinal motility and secretion, which can cause constipation. The nurse should advise the client to increase fluid and fiber intake, exercise regularly, and use stool softeners or laxatives as needed to prevent or treat constipation.
Incorrect choices:
b) Hypertension: Oxycodone can cause hypotension, not hypertension, due to its vasodilatory effect.
c) Tachycardia: Oxycodone can cause bradycardia, not tachycardia, due to its vagal stimulation effect.
d) Diarrhea: Oxycodone can cause constipation, not diarrhea, due to its decreased gastrointestinal motility and secretion effect.
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