A client is admitted to the emergency department with signs of opioid overdose, such as pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and altered mental status. The nurse anticipates that the prescriber will order which of the following medications to reverse the effects of the opioid?

Naloxone

Flumazenil

Acetylcysteine

Physostigmine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Correct answer: a) Naloxone

Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that binds to opioid receptors and displaces opioids from them, thereby reversing their effects. It is used as an antidote for opioid overdose and can rapidly restore respiration and consciousness.

Incorrect choices:

b) Flumazenil: This is a benzodiazepine antagonist that reverses the effects of benzodiazepines, not opioids.

c) Acetylcysteine: This is an antidote for acetaminophen overdose, not opioid overdose.

d) Physostigmine: This is an antidote for anticholinergic overdose, not opioid overdose.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct answer: c) The medication should be tapered off gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

Rationale: Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication that acts on the central nervous system to induce sleep. It has a low potential for abuse and dependence, but it can still cause withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia, and seizures if discontinued abruptly. Therefore, the medication should be tapered off gradually under the supervision of a prescriber.

Incorrect choices:

a) The medication should be taken only as needed for sleep.: Zolpidem should be taken regularly as prescribed for short-term treatment of insomnia, not on an as-needed basis.

b) The medication should be taken with food to enhance absorption.: Zolpidem should be taken on an empty stomach to facilitate its onset of action, which is within 15 to 30 minutes.

d) The medication should be avoided if the client has a history of substance abuse.: Although zolpidem has a low potential for abuse and dependence, it can still interact with other substances such as alcohol, opioids, and benzodiazepines, which can increase the risk of respiratory depression and overdose. Therefore, the client should inform the prescriber of any history of substance abuse and use Zolpidem with caution.

A. It can be refilled up to five times within six months. B. It can be prescribed by telephone or fax in an emergency. C. It can be obtained without a prescription for medical use. D. It can be dispensed by any healthcare provider.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct answer: b)It can be prescribed by telephone or fax in an emergency.

Rationale: Schedule II medications are those with a high potential for abuse and dependence, but have accepted medical uses. They require a written prescription from a licensed prescriber, except in an emergency situation when a telephone or fax order is allowed. However, the written prescription must follow within 72 hours. Schedule II medications cannot be refilled; a new prescription is required for each dispensing.

Incorrect choices:

a) It can be refilled up to five times within six months.: This is true for Schedule III and IV medications, not Schedule II.

c) It can be obtained without a prescription for medical use.: This is true for Schedule V medications, not Schedule II.

d) It can be dispensed by any healthcare provider.: Only licensed prescribers with a DEA number can prescribe controlled substances.

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A client is admitted to the emergency department with signs of opioid overdose, such as pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and altered mental status. The nurse anticipates that the prescriber will order which of the following medications to reverse the effects of the opioid?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has insomnia about zolpidem, a Schedule IV medication. The nurse should include which of the following information in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client is prescribed morphine sulfate, a Schedule II medication, for severe postoperative pain. The nurse knows that this medication has which of the following characteristics?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client who has insomnia is prescribed zolpidem, a controlled substance, by their primary care provider. The client tells the nurse that they have been taking more than the prescribed dose because they still have trouble falling asleep. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has chronic pain and is prescribed oxycodone, a controlled substance. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A client is prescribed diazepam, a Schedule IV medication, for anxiety. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following substances while taking this medication?

A client is admitted to the emergency department with signs of opioid overdose, such as pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and altered mental status. The nurse anticipates that the prescriber will order which of the following medications to reverse the effects of the opioid?

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has chronic pain and takes oxycodone, a Schedule II medication, on a regular basis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of oxycodone?

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and takes clozapine, a Schedule V medication. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following serious adverse effects of clozapine?