A client presented to the emergency room by ambulance with complaints of nausea, diaphoresis, SOB, and severe, squeezing chest pain described as "an elephant sitting on his chest. 21 of oxygen via nasal cannula was started in route to the ED. In addition, three doses of nitroglycerin SL. Aspirin 325mg SL and morphine 2 mg IV were administered prior to arrival, without relief. EKG shows ST elevation with a HR 122. BP 156/94, RR 22 and pulse ox 91% A "STEMI Alert" on this is called overhead. The nurse recognizes the priority intervention to treat this client is to:
Consult for TPN orders.
Transfer him to the cardiac catheterization lab.
Prepare the patient for transvenous pacing.
Schedule an echocardiogram.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Consult for TPN orders: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is used for patients who cannot take in adequate nutrition orally, such as those with gastrointestinal issues or severe malnutrition. This is not an appropriate intervention for a patient with a STEMI, where immediate cardiac care is the priority.
B. Transfer him to the cardiac catheterization lab: The patient is experiencing a STEMI, which involves a complete or nearly complete blockage of a coronary artery, and the goal of treatment is to restore blood flow as quickly as possible. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), also known as angioplasty or stenting, is the most effective way to reopen the blocked artery. Transfer to the cardiac catheterization lab should happen as soon as possible to minimize myocardial damage.
C. Prepare the patient for transvenous pacing: Transvenous pacing is typically used for patients with bradycardia or other rhythm disturbances such as heart block, which is not indicated in this case. The patient’s heart rate is elevated (HR 122), not bradycardic, and there is no evidence suggesting that pacing is necessary at this time.
D. Schedule an echocardiogram: While an echocardiogram is useful for assessing heart function, it is not a priority in the acute setting of a STEMI. The first priority is to reopen the blocked artery in order to preserve heart tissue and reduce further damage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Collaborate frequently with the respiratory therapist: Frequent collaboration with the respiratory therapist is essential to ensure the ventilator settings are appropriate for the patient's needs and to make adjustments as needed based on the patient's condition.
B. Adjust the ventilator settings based on the client's level of consciousness: While it’s important to monitor the patient’s level of consciousness, adjusting ventilator settings should primarily be done based on the patient's respiratory parameters (e.g., oxygenation, ventilation, lung mechanics), not solely on their level of consciousness. Ventilator settings should be adjusted by the respiratory therapist or physician as appropriate.
C. Document the patient's pulse oximetry once every shift: Pulse oximetry should be monitored and documented more frequently than once per shift, especially for a patient on a ventilator. Continuous monitoring is essential to assess oxygenation status and detect changes in the patient’s condition.
D. Ensure that a bag valve mask (BVM) with face mask is at the bedside: A BVM with face mask is an essential emergency equipment for a patient on a ventilator in case of ventilator failure or the need for resuscitation. Having it readily available ensures quick response in an emergency.
E. Assess the client's respiratory status hourly & as needed: Frequent assessment of the patient's respiratory status is critical for identifying any changes in condition, such as distress, ventilator malfunction, or need for adjustments. Monitoring should occur at least hourly and more frequently if the patient's condition requires it.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Have you tried videos or flash cards? People learn in different ways.: While videos or flashcards might be helpful tools for some, this response doesn't address the primary concern, which is consistency in the approach for memory recall. Reinforcing one method consistently is crucial for individuals with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) to help improve memory retention.
B. It is important to reinforce one consistent method due to the injury.: This is the best response. Individuals with brain injuries, especially those affecting memory, benefit from consistent, structured methods of learning and remembering. Changing the approach frequently can confuse the patient and hinder their progress. Reinforcing one method consistently will provide the brain with a routine to help it form connections and improve memory.
C. Does he have a favorite type of music? Background music helps with memory.: While music can sometimes be used in memory therapies, the suggestion of using music as background for memory enhancement is not a reliable or consistent approach. It doesn't address the need for a structured, consistent method that would be most beneficial in this case.
D. Maybe he is depressed due to the injury, Depression alters concentration.: While depression can affect cognitive functions such as concentration and memory, there is no direct indication in the partner’s statement that depression is the primary concern here. Focusing on consistent memory strategies is more appropriate as a first step.
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