A client presents to the emergency department complaining of several days of nausea and vomiting with weakness and dizziness. The client's vital signs are: Pulse 110, BP 88/56, RR 24, SpO2 95% on room air, temperature of 100.2. The client's lung sounds are clear bilaterally. Which of the following IV fluids would the nurse expect to administer?
Dextrose in water
6.45% Sodium Chloride
10% Dextrose in water
0.9% Sodium Chloride
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dextrose in water is typically used for hydration and to provide some calories. However, this client is presenting with hypotension (BP 88/56), tachycardia (Pulse 110), and weakness, likely due to fluid loss from vomiting. This client needs fluid resuscitation with a solution that will help restore circulating volume, and Dextrose in water does not contain sodium, which is necessary for fluid balance in this case.
B. 6.45% Sodium Chloride is a hypertonic saline solution, which would increase the osmolarity of the blood and pull fluid into the bloodstream. This would not be the first choice for this patient, as it could exacerbate dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
C. 10% Dextrose in water is also a hypertonic solution that would provide energy but would not adequately address the client's fluid volume deficit or hypotension.
D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride is normal saline, which is an isotonic solution and is the most appropriate choice for fluid resuscitation in this client. It will help restore circulating blood volume, stabilize blood pressure, and provide the necessary hydration to address the client's symptoms of dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Flushed skin is typically associated with fever or infection, not with hyponatremia (low sodium levels).
B. Confusion is a common symptom of hyponatremia, especially when sodium levels drop significantly. The low sodium level affects brain function, leading to confusion, altered mental status, and even seizures in severe cases.
C. Extreme thirst is more commonly seen in hypernatremia (high sodium levels) as the body attempts to correct the imbalance by stimulating thirst.
D. Fever is not a direct consequence of hyponatremia but could be associated with an underlying infection or other conditions.
Correct Answer is ["75"]
Explanation
- Total volume: 1800 mL
- Infusion time: 24 hours
- Calculation: 1800 mL / 24 hours = 75 mL/hour
Therefore, the IV pump should be set to deliver 75 mL/hr.
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