A client reports passing 2 to 3 small, hard stools per week since being placed on a low-residue diet three months ago. Which type of laxative should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to recommend first?
Emollient.
Osmotic.
Bulk-forming.
Stimulant.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Emollient: Emollient (stool softener) laxatives like docusate sodium help moisten stool but do not significantly increase stool volume or stimulate bowel movement. They are gentle but typically insufficient for long-term, low-frequency constipation.
B. Osmotic: Osmotic laxatives draw water into the bowel to promote peristalsis. They are effective but may cause electrolyte imbalances if used chronically. These are often reserved for when bulk-forming agents are ineffective.
C. Bulk-forming: Bulk-forming laxatives such as psyllium are typically the first-line recommendation for chronic constipation. They mimic dietary fiber by absorbing water, increasing stool bulk, and promoting regular bowel movements with minimal side effects.
D. Stimulant: Stimulant laxatives like senna or bisacodyl are stronger agents that promote bowel motility but can cause dependency if used long-term. They are not recommended as first-line therapy for chronic constipation related to diet.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ask family members to remain with the client in the evenings from 1700 to 2100: While family presence can offer comfort, it is not always feasible and doesn’t directly address the environmental management needed for sundowning behaviors.
B. Administer a prescribed PRN benzodiazepine at the onset of a confused state: Though medications may help in acute cases, routine pharmacologic management is not the first-line intervention due to risks like oversedation and increased fall risk in older adults.
C. Postpone administration of nighttime medications until after 2300: Delaying medications may interfere with sleep hygiene and the efficacy of routine medications that aid in rest or symptom management.
D. Ensure that the client is assigned to a room close to the nurses' station: Proximity to staff allows for more frequent monitoring and faster intervention during episodes of confusion, helping prevent injury and manage behaviors associated with sundowning.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tacos: Tacos are often spicy and greasy, both of which can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and aggravate GERD symptoms in children by increasing acid reflux episodes.
B. Chocolate milkshake: Chocolate and high-fat dairy both reduce LES pressure and increase gastric acid secretion, worsening reflux. The milkshake also adds volume, which can trigger symptoms.
C. Pizza: Pizza is acidic (due to tomato sauce), high in fat, and often spicy—an unhealthy combination for a child with GERD. It’s one of the most commonly reported reflux-triggering foods.
D. Sugar cookies: Sugar cookies are bland, low in fat, and non-acidic, making them a safe snack choice for children managing GERD symptoms through dietary adjustments.
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