A client was recently diagnosed with high cholesterol and decides to decline medication and to take garlic to lower cholesterol. This client is using which type of therapy?

Choice A reason: Nurses play a critical role in preventive care by identifying modifiable risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and unmanaged chronic conditions. Screening at every encounter allows for early intervention and personalized health promotion strategies that align with evidence-based practice.

Choice B reason: Administering vaccines according to current guidelines is a cornerstone of public health and disease prevention. Nurses ensure immunization schedules are followed, educate clients on vaccine benefits, and monitor for adverse reactions, thereby contributing to herd immunity and individual protection.

Choice C reason: Encouraging overweight clients to adopt healthier eating habits is part of lifestyle counseling. Nurses use motivational interviewing and culturally sensitive education to help clients understand the impact of caloric intake on weight, cardiovascular health, and metabolic conditions, promoting sustainable behavior change.

Choice D reason: Focusing solely on the presenting concern is a limited approach that neglects the holistic nature of nursing care. Optimal health requires addressing underlying risk factors, psychosocial needs, and preventive strategies, not just acute symptoms.

Choice E reason: Improving health literacy empowers clients to make informed decisions about their care. Nurses educate clients on navigating the healthcare system, understanding medication regimens, interpreting health information, and advocating for themselves, which enhances adherence and outcomes.

Choice A reason: Oxygenation is a fundamental physiological need and must be prioritized above all others, especially in a client with a history of lung disease presenting with shortness of breath and a productive cough. These symptoms suggest impaired gas exchange, which can rapidly become life-threatening. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and clinical triage principles, airway and breathing are always addressed first to prevent hypoxia and respiratory failure.

Choice B reason: While nutrition is important, it is not immediately life-threatening in the context of acute respiratory distress. The client’s lack of food intake may contribute to weakness, but it does not supersede the need for oxygen.

Choice C reason: Emotional support is part of psychosocial care and is essential for holistic nursing, but it is not the priority when a client is experiencing respiratory compromise. Support can be provided once the client is stabilized.

Choice D reason: Rest is beneficial for recovery, especially in respiratory illness, but it cannot be prioritized over oxygenation. Without adequate oxygen, rest alone will not improve the client’s condition and may worsen hypoxia if not addressed.