Which is an example of primordial prevention?
Improving access to safe walking trails in urban areas to promote physical activity.
Educating an older adult about healthy eating habits.
Developing a to-do checklist routine for diabetic foot care.
Handing out flyers for free mammograms at a rural public fair.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Primordial prevention refers to interventions that prevent the emergence of risk factors themselves, often through environmental or policy-level changes. Improving access to safe walking trails promotes physical activity before sedentary behavior becomes a risk factor, thereby preventing the development of chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. This aligns with the upstream approach of modifying social and environmental determinants of health.
Choice B reason: Educating an older adult about healthy eating habits is an example of primary prevention. It targets individuals who may already be at risk and aims to prevent the onset of disease through behavioral changes, not the creation of a health-promoting environment.
Choice C reason: Developing a checklist for diabetic foot care is a tertiary prevention strategy. It focuses on managing and preventing complications in individuals who already have a diagnosed condition—in this case, diabetes.
Choice D reason: Handing out flyers for free mammograms is a form of secondary prevention. It aims to detect disease early (breast cancer) through screening and prompt intervention, not to prevent the development of risk factors.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Offering larger portions of high-calorie foods promotes overeating and increases the risk of childhood obesity. High-calorie foods, especially those low in nutritional value, can contribute to poor dietary habits and long-term health issues such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This strategy contradicts evidence-based recommendations for portion control and nutrient-dense meals.
Choice B reason: Incorporating more fruits and vegetables into meals is a cornerstone of healthy eating for children. These foods provide essential vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants that support growth, immune function, and cognitive development. Encouraging children to consume a variety of colorful produce helps establish lifelong habits that reduce the risk of chronic disease and improve overall well-being.
Choice C reason: Increasing the availability of sugary beverages undermines efforts to promote healthy eating. Sugary drinks are a major source of added sugars in children's diets and are linked to obesity, dental caries, and insulin resistance. Replacing these with water or milk is a recommended strategy to support hydration and nutritional adequacy.
Choice D reason: Reducing the variety of meal options may limit exposure to diverse nutrients and discourage children from exploring healthy foods. Variety is important in ensuring balanced intake and preventing nutrient deficiencies. Offering a range of healthy choices also respects individual preferences and cultural diversity, which can improve acceptance and satisfaction with meals.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Engaging in muscle-strengthening activities 6 days a week exceeds recommended guidelines and may lead to overtraining or injury. The CDC recommends muscle-strengthening activities at least two days per week, not six.
Choice B reason: Alternating moderate and vigorous activity for 50 minutes daily may be beneficial for some individuals but is not a standard recommendation. It lacks clarity and may be too intense for beginners, especially those with health concerns.
Choice C reason: Stretching is beneficial for flexibility and injury prevention but does not fulfill the aerobic activity requirement for cardiovascular health. It should complement, not replace, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise.
Choice D reason: This aligns with CDC and WHO guidelines, which recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for adults. It is evidence-based, achievable, and promotes cardiovascular health, weight management, and overall well-being.
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