A client who has diabetes mellitus asks a home health nurse to help them adapt some of their traditional cultural foods to fit the prescribed meal plan. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Ask the client about their traditional cultural foods.

Provide the client with printed recipes.

Explain the diabetes exchange list.

Use cookbooks to include traditional foods in meal plans

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Ask the client about their traditional cultural foods: This initial action demonstrates cultural sensitivity and helps the nurse tailor interventions that respect the client’s values while promoting adherence to the diabetic meal plan. Building a collaborative plan starts with understanding the client's baseline and traditions.

B. Provide the client with printed recipes: While recipes can be helpful tools for promoting healthy eating, offering them without first understanding the client’s cultural preferences may lead to low engagement. The recipes may not reflect foods the client enjoys or regularly eats, making it less likely they will follow dietary recommendations.

C. Explain the diabetes exchange list: Educating the client on the diabetes exchange system is useful for long-term management, but it should come after the nurse has gathered details about the client's current diet. Only by understanding the client’s cultural foods can the nurse effectively relate those items to the exchange list.

D. Use cookbooks to include traditional foods in meal plans: Cookbooks can be a useful resource for integrating cultural foods into a diabetic meal plan. However, using them prematurely may not align with the client’s actual practices or preferences.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A durable medical power of attorney designates a trusted person to make healthcare decisions on behalf of the client if they become unable to do so. While important, it focuses on decision-making authority rather than specific treatment preferences.

B. A do-not-resuscitate (DNR) prescription specifically addresses whether resuscitation efforts should be initiated but does not cover broader end-of-life care preferences or wishes. It is one component of advance care planning but not the comprehensive document for overall wishes.

C. An organ donation card expresses the client’s wishes regarding donation of organs after death. Although valuable, it does not address broader end-of-life care decisions or treatments.

D. A living will is a legal document that details the client’s preferences for end-of-life care, including treatments they want to accept or refuse. It ensures that their wishes are honored when they cannot communicate, making it the most appropriate document for this purpose.

A. "You are at a greater risk for tuberculosis if you live in a long-term care facility." B. "If you are diagnosed with tuberculosis, you will need medication for the rest of your life." C. “Tuberculosis is spread through direct contact." D. "A Mantoux skin test can diagnose tuberculosis."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Living in a long-term care facility increases the risk for tuberculosis due to close living quarters, which facilitate airborne transmission. Older adults in these facilities may also have weakened immune systems, further elevating their susceptibility to TB infection.

B. TB treatment typically lasts 6 to 12 months, depending on the case, not a lifetime. Lifelong medication is not required unless the individual has a chronic, drug-resistant form, which is uncommon. Adherence to the full treatment course is key to curing TB.

C. Tuberculosis is not spread through direct contact. It is an airborne disease transmitted when a person inhales droplets expelled when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks, particularly in enclosed or poorly ventilated environments.

D. A Mantoux skin test identifies TB exposure but does not confirm active disease. A positive result requires further evaluation with a chest x-ray and possibly sputum testing to diagnose active tuberculosis infection.

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A client who has diabetes mellitus asks a home health nurse to help them adapt some of their traditional cultural foods to fit the prescribed meal plan. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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