A client who is unconscious and has extensive internal injuries arrives via ambulance to the emergency department. The staff cannot reach the client's family. Which of the following permits the staff to proceed with emergency surgery?

Good Samaritan Act

Implied consent

Living will

Nonmaleficence

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is not the correct choice because the Good Samaritan Act is a law that protects health care providers and other individuals from legal liability when they provide emergency care to someone who is injured or ill outside of a health care facility. The act does not apply to the staff in the emergency department, who are expected to follow the standards of care and obtain consent for treatment.

Choice B reason: This is the correct choice because implied consent is a type of consent that is assumed when a client is unable to give verbal or written consent due to their condition, and the treatment is necessary to save their life or prevent further harm. The staff can proceed with emergency surgery based on implied consent, as the client is unconscious and has extensive internal injuries that require immediate intervention.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct choice because a living will is a document that expresses a client's wishes regarding their end-of-life care, such as whether they want to receive life-sustaining treatments or not. A living will does not apply to the client in this scenario, who is not terminally ill or in a persistent vegetative state, and who may recover from their injuries with surgery.

Choice D reason: This is not the correct choice because nonmaleficence is an ethical principle that means to do no harm or prevent harm to the client. Nonmaleficence does not permit the staff to proceed with emergency surgery, as it does not override the need for consent. The staff should also consider the principle of beneficence, which means to do good or promote the well-being of the client.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not the correct choice because witnessing the client signing the consent form is not a valid option. The client is a minor and cannot legally consent to their own treatment without the permission of their guardian, unless they are emancipated, married, or pregnant.

Choice B reason: This is not the correct choice because asking the adult neighbor to sign the consent form is not a valid option. The adult neighbor is not a legal guardian or a close relative of the client and has no authority to consent to the client's treatment.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct choice because obtaining consent from the hospital administrator is not a valid option. The hospital administrator is not a medical professional or a legal representative of the client and has no authority to consent to the client's treatment.

Choice D reason: This is the correct choice because attempting to notify the client's guardian to obtain consent is the best option. The client's guardian is the person who has the legal right and responsibility to make decisions for the client's health care. The nurse should try to contact the guardian by phone or other means and obtain verbal or written consent for the emergency surgery. If the guardian cannot be reached, the nurse should follow the facility's policy and procedure for obtaining consent in emergency situations.

A. Provider's prescription B. Maslow's hierarchy of needs C. Evidence-based practice D. Critical pathway E. Surgical record

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: A provider's prescription is not a resource for developing a standard for removal of indwelling urinary catheters. A prescription is a specific order for a particular client, not a general guideline for a group of clients.

Choice B reason: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is not a resource for developing a standard for removal of indwelling urinary catheters. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory of human motivation that ranks the basic needs of individuals from physiological to self-actualization. It does not provide specific information on how to perform nursing interventions.

Choice C reason: Evidence-based practice is a resource for developing a standard for removal of indwelling urinary catheters. Evidence-based practice is the integration of the best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and client preferences and values into clinical decision making. It helps to ensure that the nursing care is effective, safe, and consistent.

Choice D reason: A critical pathway is not a resource for developing a standard for removal of indwelling urinary catheters. A critical pathway is a tool that outlines the expected course of treatment and outcomes for a specific diagnosis or procedure. It does not provide detailed instructions on how to perform nursing interventions.

Choice E reason: A surgical record is not a resource for developing a standard for removal of indwelling urinary catheters. A surgical record is a document that records the details of a surgical procedure, such as the type of surgery, the anesthesia used, the operative findings, and the complications. It does not provide information on the postoperative care of the client.

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A client who is unconscious and has extensive internal injuries arrives via ambulance to the emergency department. The staff cannot reach the client's family. Which of the following permits the staff to proceed with emergency surgery?

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