A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Increase urine output

Dissolve existing kidney stones

Reduce the formation of uric acid stones

Increase the excretion of calcium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.

B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.

C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. Kidney stone pain is often described as colicky, which means it comes and goes in waves of severe pain. The pain can be intense and cramp-like, causing the client to writhe or be restless.

B. Gnawing pain is not typically associated with kidney stones. Gnawing pain is often described as a persistent, dull ache that can be more chronic in nature.

C. Stabbing pain is sharp and localized and is not typically used to describe kidney stone pain.

D. Numbing pain refers to a loss of sensation, which is not characteristic of kidney stone pain.

A. "You should avoid all dairy products to prevent future kidney stones." B. "Increasing your dietary calcium intake may help prevent kidney stones." C. "Reduce your fluid intake to decrease the risk of kidney stone formation." D. "Drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated is essential for preventing kidney stones."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Avoiding all dairy products is not a recommended prevention strategy for kidney stones. In fact, adequate dietary calcium may be beneficial for reducing the risk of certain types of stones.

B. Increasing dietary calcium intake, especially from food sources, may help prevent certain types of kidney stones, such as calcium oxalate stones.

C. Reducing fluid intake is not a recommended prevention strategy for kidney stones. Inadequate hydration can actually increase the risk of stone formation.

D. This is the correct answer. Drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated is one of the most effective ways to prevent kidney stones. Adequate hydration helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.

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A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client comes to the emergency room complaining of sudden, excruciating pain in the lower back and side. The nurse suspects renal calculus. Which term best describes this type of pain?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client who has experienced recurrent kidney stones. The client asks, "What can I do to prevent future kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client has been diagnosed with uric acid stones. The nurse should recommend dietary modifications that include:

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A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. The client asks, "What causes kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

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