A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Increase urine output

Dissolve existing kidney stones

Reduce the formation of uric acid stones

Increase the excretion of calcium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.

B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.

C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This statement is not correct. Adequate fluid intake is essential to help prevent kidney stones. Restricting fluid intake can increase the concentration of minerals in the urine and promote stone formation.

B. This statement is not correct. While calcium oxalate stones are common, reducing calcium intake is not recommended for most people. In fact, a low-calcium diet may increase the risk of other types of kidney stones.

C. This statement is not correct. Fruits and vegetables contain valuable nutrients and should not be avoided. However, some fruits and vegetables are high in oxalate, which may contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones. The key is to consume a balanced diet and drink plenty of fluids.

D. This is the correct answer. Adequate fluid intake is crucial in preventing kidney stones. It helps dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.

A. "The primary risk factor for kidney stones is excessive water intake." B. "Risk factors for kidney stones include a sedentary lifestyle and low dietary calcium intake." C. "Family history, high protein diet, and dehydration are common risk factors for kidney stones." D. "Kidney stones are mostly caused by consuming too many fruits and vegetables."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Excessive water intake is not a risk factor for kidney stones. In fact, adequate hydration is encouraged to prevent kidney stone formation.

B. Low dietary calcium intake is not a common risk factor for kidney stones. In some cases, excessive calcium supplementation may be a risk factor, but dietary calcium is generally not a concern.

C. This is the correct answer. Family history, a diet high in protein and salt, and dehydration are common risk factors for kidney stones.

D. Kidney stones are not mostly caused by consuming too many fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables are generally considered beneficial for kidney health.

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A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client asks the nurse, "How can I prevent the formation of kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a history of recurrent renal calculi asks the nurse, "What are the common risk factors for developing kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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