A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Increase urine output

Dissolve existing kidney stones

Reduce the formation of uric acid stones

Increase the excretion of calcium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.

B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.

C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. High dietary calcium intake is a common risk factor for certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones. However, dietary calcium intake from food sources is not typically associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. Calcium supplements, on the other hand, may contribute to stone formation.

B. A low protein diet is not a significant risk factor for kidney stones. High-protein diets may be associated with an increased risk, but low protein intake is not a concern.

C. Adequate water consumption is essential to prevent kidney stones. Dehydration is a risk factor for stone formation, but excessive water consumption alone is not a significant risk factor.

D. While a sedentary lifestyle may be associated with other health risks, it is not a primary risk factor for kidney stones.

A. "This medication will help dissolve my existing kidney stones." B. "Potassium citrate will reduce the acidity of my urine." C. "I will take this medication to increase my calcium levels." D. "This medication will help decrease my urine output."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This statement is not correct. Potassium citrate does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is used to prevent the formation of certain types of stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Potassium citrate is an alkalizing agent that helps reduce the acidity of urine. By making the urine less acidic, it can help prevent the formation of certain types of stones, such as uric acid stones.

C. Potassium citrate does not increase calcium levels in the body. It may help prevent the formation of calcium oxalate stones, but it does not affect overall calcium levels.

D. Potassium citrate does not decrease urine output. It primarily works to reduce urine acidity and prevent stone formation.

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A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which risk factor is the nurse most likely to assess for in this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed potassium citrate. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the medication's purpose?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

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A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through ureteroscopy. The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. Which lifestyle factor is the nurse most likely to address to reduce the risk of kidney stones?

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