A client with a history of transfusion reactions requires a blood transfusion. Which blood component should the nurse ensure is transfused to minimize the risk of a future reaction?

Whole blood.

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP).

Packed red blood cells (PRBCs).

Platelets.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Incorrect: Transfusing whole blood increases the risk of adverse reactions and is not commonly used in modern transfusion practices. Whole blood is usually separated into its individual components for transfusion.

B) Incorrect: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contains various clotting factors and is used primarily to treat bleeding disorders and coagulopathies, not to prevent transfusion reactions.

C) Correct: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) contain primarily red blood cells without significant amounts of plasma, white blood cells, or platelets. For clients with a history of transfusion reactions, PRBCs are the most suitable blood component to minimize the risk of future reactions.

D) Incorrect: Platelets are used to treat thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction but do not provide the main benefit of minimizing the risk of future transfusion reactions as PRBCs do.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A) Obtaining the client's informed consent is a critical step before any medical procedure, including blood transfusions. This ensures the client understands the risks and benefits of the transfusion and gives their consent willingly.

B) Confirming the client's blood type and Rh factor with the blood bank is essential to prevent transfusion reactions. Mismatching blood types can lead to severe transfusion reactions and is a crucial step in the transfusion process.

C) Administering pre-medication to prevent transfusion reactions is not a standard practice. However, the nurse should assess the client for any risk factors or history of previous transfusion reactions to take appropriate precautions.

D) Assessing the client's blood pressure and heart rate is an important part of the overall assessment before the blood transfusion.

A. Place the client in a supine position with legs elevated. B. Administer oxygen via a non-rebreather mask. C. Check the client's temperature and administer antipyretics if necessary. D. Stop the blood transfusion and notify the healthcare provider.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect: Placing the client in a supine position with legs elevated is not appropriate in this situation. The client is showing signs of a potential severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) or a transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), and the nurse should prioritize interventions accordingly.

B) Correct: Administering oxygen via a non-rebreather mask is the appropriate immediate action for a client experiencing respiratory distress and muffled heart sounds. This intervention helps improve oxygenation and respiratory function.

C) Incorrect: Checking the client's temperature and administering antipyretics is not indicated as the client's symptoms are not consistent with a fever. The focus should be on respiratory and cardiovascular support.

D) Incorrect: Stopping the blood transfusion is essential, but it is not the immediate action in this situation. The nurse's priority is to address the client's respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation by administering oxygen, as stated in option B. Once the client is stable, the nurse should then notify the healthcare provider about the situation.

Questions

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A client with a history of transfusion reactions requires a blood transfusion. Which blood component should the nurse ensure is transfused to minimize the risk of a future reaction?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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