A client with a history of transfusion reactions requires a blood transfusion. Which blood component should the nurse ensure is transfused to minimize the risk of a future reaction?
Whole blood.
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP).
Packed red blood cells (PRBCs).
Platelets.
The Correct Answer is C
A) Incorrect: Transfusing whole blood increases the risk of adverse reactions and is not commonly used in modern transfusion practices. Whole blood is usually separated into its individual components for transfusion.
B) Incorrect: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contains various clotting factors and is used primarily to treat bleeding disorders and coagulopathies, not to prevent transfusion reactions.
C) Correct: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) contain primarily red blood cells without significant amounts of plasma, white blood cells, or platelets. For clients with a history of transfusion reactions, PRBCs are the most suitable blood component to minimize the risk of future reactions.
D) Incorrect: Platelets are used to treat thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction but do not provide the main benefit of minimizing the risk of future transfusion reactions as PRBCs do.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect: Administering antipyretics to reduce fever is not the appropriate intervention for an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. This type of reaction involves the destruction of red blood cells, not an elevation in body temperature.
B) Incorrect: Preparing to administer a diuretic is not the appropriate intervention for an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Fluid overload is not a typical feature of this type of reaction.
C) Correct: Monitoring the client's vital signs frequently is a crucial intervention for an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. This type of reaction can cause rapid onset of severe symptoms, including fever, chills, hypotension, tachycardia, and potential shock.
D) Incorrect: Administering epinephrine is not the appropriate intervention for an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Epinephrine is used to treat anaphylactic reactions, not hemolytic reactions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Incorrect: A slight increase in blood pressure is not a significant vital sign alteration that requires immediate reporting before initiating the transfusion. It could be related to various factors, such as anxiety or pain.
B) Incorrect: A respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute is within the normal range for an adult and does not require immediate reporting before starting the transfusion.
C) Incorrect: A decrease in heart rate from 88 to 72 beats per minute is not a critical vital sign alteration. As long as the heart rate remains within the client's baseline range, it does not need immediate reporting.
D) Correct: An elevated temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F) may indicate a fever, which could be a sign of an infection or an adverse reaction to the transfusion. The nurse should report this vital sign alteration to the healthcare provider before proceeding with the transfusion to determine the appropriate course of action.
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