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A client with ascites is prescribed spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic. The nurse instructs the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects while taking this medication?

Muscle weakness and fatigue.

Increased urine output and dehydration.

Hypotension and dizziness.

Hyperkalemia and irregular heart rhythms.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Muscle weakness and fatigue are not commonly associated with spironolactone use.

Choice B reason:

Increased urine output and dehydration may occur with diuretics, but spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, so excessive urine output and dehydration are less likely to occur with this medication.

Choice C reason:

Hypotension and dizziness are potential side effects of some diuretics, but they are not specific to spironolactone use.

Choice D reason:

This statement is correct. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means it can lead to hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) if not monitored carefully. Hyperkalemia can cause irregular heart rhythms and other serious complications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This statement is correct. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate the liver and abdominal organs, providing detailed images that can help assess the severity and extent of ascites in clients with cirrhosis.

Choice B reason:

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is used to assess brain activity and is not directly related to the evaluation of ascites in clients with cirrhosis.

Choice C reason:

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan is used to visualize metabolic activity in body tissues and is not commonly used for evaluating ascites.

Choice D reason:

Bone Density Scan (DEXA scan) is used to assess bone health and is not directly related to the evaluation of ascites in clients with cirrhosis.

A. Limiting protein intake to prevent liver strain. B. Avoiding foods high in potassium to prevent electrolyte imbalances. C. Reducing sodium intake to minimize fluid retention. D. Increasing carbohydrate consumption for sustained energy.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Limiting protein intake is not typically recommended for clients with ascites, as protein is essential for maintaining muscle mass and overall health.

Choice B reason:

Avoiding foods high in potassium is important for clients with kidney problems, but it is not directly related to reducing fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity for clients with ascites.

Choice C reason:

This statement is correct. Reducing sodium intake is essential to minimize fluid retention and help manage ascites. High sodium levels in the diet can lead to increased fluid retention in the body, exacerbating the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

Choice D reason:

Increasing carbohydrate consumption for sustained energy is not directly related to reducing fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity for clients with ascites.

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A client with ascites is prescribed spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic. The nurse instructs the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects while taking this medication?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with cirrhosis is undergoing diagnostic tests to assess the severity and extent of ascites. The nurse explains that an imaging test commonly used to evaluate the liver and abdominal organs in this client is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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