A client with bipolar disorder is prescribed a medication to reduce psychotic symptoms during manic episodes. Which class of medications is commonly used for this purpose?

Antidepressants.

Mood stabilizers.

Benzodiazepines.

Antipsychotics.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Antidepressants are not commonly used to reduce psychotic symptoms during manic episodes in bipolar disorder. Antidepressants are primarily used to manage depressive symptoms and may exacerbate manic symptoms if used alone.

Choice B rationale:

Mood stabilizers are an appropriate class of medications used to manage bipolar disorder. However, they are more focused on preventing mood swings and stabilizing the mood rather than directly reducing psychotic symptoms during manic episodes.

Choice C rationale:

Benzodiazepines are not typically used as a first-line treatment for reducing psychotic symptoms during manic episodes in bipolar disorder. They might have a sedative effect, but they are not the primary choice for managing acute manic symptoms.

Choice D rationale:

Antipsychotics are commonly used to reduce psychotic symptoms during manic episodes in bipolar disorder. They help to alleviate symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking that can occur during manic episodes. Examples of antipsychotics used in this context include risperidone, olanzapine, and aripiprazole. These medications help stabilize the individual and manage the acute symptoms of mania.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Coherence, logic, relevance, and organization. Rationale: This choice is related to assessing the thought process, but it does not accurately address the specific signs described in the scenario: flight of ideas, racing thoughts, and tangentiality. These are characteristic features of a manic or hypomanic episode in bipolar disorder and involve a rapid flow of thoughts, lack of focus, and difficulty maintaining a coherent and organized thought process.

Choice B rationale:

Flight of ideas, racing thoughts, and tangentiality. Rationale: This statement is correct. Flight of ideas, racing thoughts, and tangentiality are indicative of disorganized thought processes commonly seen in manic episodes of bipolar disorder. Flight of ideas refers to a rapid succession of thoughts that may be loosely connected. Racing thoughts involve a constant stream of rapid thoughts, often making it difficult for the individual to concentrate. Tangentiality refers to veering off-topic during conversation and difficulty sticking to the main point.

Choice C rationale:

Themes, topics, beliefs, and perceptions. Rationale: While understanding themes, topics, beliefs, and perceptions is important in a comprehensive psychiatric assessment, this choice does not address the specific signs of disorganized thought processes mentioned in the scenario. Themes and beliefs might be explored during a broader assessment, but flight of ideas, racing thoughts, and tangentiality are more indicative of the manic phase in bipolar disorder.

Choice D rationale:

Signs of delusions, hallucinations, paranoia. Rationale: Delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia are important aspects to assess in individuals with bipolar disorder, but they are not directly related to the disorganized thought processes described in the scenario. Delusions are false beliefs, hallucinations involve sensory perceptions without external stimuli, and paranoia is excessive distrust or suspicion. These symptoms are more characteristic of psychotic disorders or severe mood episodes but are not specific to the described thought process.

A. Benzodiazepines can cause weight gain and increased appetite. B. Benzodiazepines are used to enhance the effects of dopamine in the brain. C. Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed as mood stabilizers. D. Benzodiazepines may lead to cognitive impairment and dependence.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Benzodiazepines can cause weight gain and increased appetite. Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Benzodiazepines are not typically associated with weight gain and increased appetite. Weight gain is more commonly associated with certain other psychotropic medications like some antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. Benzodiazepines primarily affect the central nervous system and are known for their sedative and anxiolytic properties rather than influencing appetite.

Choice B rationale:

Benzodiazepines are used to enhance the effects of dopamine in the brain. Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Benzodiazepines do not enhance the effects of dopamine in the brain. They work by enhancing the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which leads to sedative and calming effects. Dopamine is a separate neurotransmitter associated with reward, motivation, and movement control, and benzodiazepines do not directly influence its effects.

Choice C rationale:

Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed as mood stabilizers. Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Benzodiazepines are not commonly prescribed as mood stabilizers. Mood stabilizers are a class of medications used to manage mood disorders like bipolar disorder. While benzodiazepines might be used in certain cases to manage anxiety or agitation associated with bipolar disorder, they are not considered primary mood stabilizers. Mood stabilizers like lithium, anticonvulsants (e.g., valproate, carbamazepine), and certain atypical antipsychotics are more commonly used for this purpose.

Choice D rationale:

Benzodiazepines may lead to cognitive impairment and dependence. Rationale: This statement is correct. Benzodiazepines are associated with potential cognitive impairment and the risk of dependence. These medications have sedative effects that can impact cognitive function, including memory and attention. Prolonged use of benzodiazepines can lead to physical and psychological dependence, making it important for healthcare providers to carefully assess and monitor their use in patients, particularly those with bipolar disorder.

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A client with bipolar disorder is prescribed a medication to reduce psychotic symptoms during manic episodes. Which class of medications is commonly used for this purpose?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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