A client with cirrhosis of the liver reports a 5 lb (2.3 kg) weight gain within the last week during a physical assessment. Which assessment finding correlates with the client's report?

Decreased bowel sounds.

Increased respiratory rate.

Increased abdominal girth.

Decreased level of consciousness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Decreased bowel sounds may indicate gastrointestinal issues but are not directly related to weight gain associated with fluid accumulation in cirrhosis.

Choice B reason: An increased respiratory rate can be a sign of many conditions, including respiratory distress, but it does not correlate specifically with weight gain due to fluid retention in cirrhosis.

Choice C reason: Increased abdominal girth is a common finding in cirrhosis due to ascites, which is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity and can lead to significant weight gain.

Choice D reason: Decreased level of consciousness may be a sign of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis but is not a direct correlation to the weight gain reported by the client.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Elevated blood pressure is a concern but not as immediately threatening as some other symptoms associated with mitral valve stenosis.

Choice B reason: A rapid, irregular heart rate could indicate atrial fibrillation, which is common in mitral valve stenosis, but it is not as urgent as blood-tinged sputum.

Choice C reason: Swollen feet and ankles suggest fluid retention, which is a concern in mitral valve stenosis but not as immediate as hemoptysis.

Choice D reason: Blood-tinged sputum indicates hemoptysis, which can be a sign of pulmonary edema or other serious complications requiring immediate intervention. This symptom is the most urgent and could signify a potentially life-threatening condition.

A. An 8-year-old who lives in a housing project. B. A 2-year-old who plays on aging outdoor playground equipment. C. An adolescent who works part-time in a paint factory. D. A 10-year-old who has Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: While living in older housing projects can pose a risk, the age of the child and their behaviors, such as hand-to-mouth activities, make younger children more susceptible.

Choice B reason: A 2-year-old is at the highest risk due to their developmental stage, which includes frequent hand-to-mouth activity and the likelihood of playing in soil or dust that may be contaminated with lead.

Choice C reason: Adolescents working in a paint factory may be exposed to lead; however, they are less likely to engage in hand-to-mouth behaviors that lead to ingestion, which is the primary route of lead poisoning in children.

Choice D reason: A 10-year-old with Type 1 diabetes mellitus does not have an increased risk of lead poisoning based on their condition alone.

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A client with cirrhosis of the liver reports a 5 lb (2.3 kg) weight gain within the last week during a physical assessment. Which assessment finding correlates with the client's report?

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