A client with diabetes mellitus is ordered to receive insulin for glucose correction (sliding scale coverage). The nurse knows the rapid acting insulin Insulin Lispro (Humalog) onset and peak action time are:

30 minute onset; 2 hour duration

15 minute onset; 30-60 minutes peak

2 hour onset; 12 hour duration

15 minute onset; no peak (continuous)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. 30 minute onset; 2-hour duration: This does not accurately represent the onset and peak action time of Insulin Lispro.

B. 15 minute onset; 30-60 minutes peak: This is correct. Insulin Lispro has a rapid onset (starts working within 15 minutes) and a peak action time of 30-60 minutes after administration.

C. 2-hour onset; 12-hour duration: This is not accurate for rapid-acting insulin. Rapid-acting insulin has a much quicker onset and shorter duration compared to this option.

D. 15 minute onset; no peak (continuous): While the onset time is correct, stating "no peak" is not entirely accurate. Rapid-acting insulin does have a peak, but it's relatively short, occurring within the first hour after administration.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis:
This occurs when there is inadequate removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the respiratory system. In the case of the patient post-op from knee surgery receiving Morphine, the opioid can cause respiratory depression, leading to the retention of CO2 and the development of respiratory acidosis. Signs include a decreased respiratory rate and drowsiness.

B. Hypokalemia:
This is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood. While opioids can cause constipation, they are not directly associated with hypokalemia.

C. Metabolic acidosis:
This occurs when there is an increase in acid production or a loss of bicarbonate, leading to an imbalance in the body's acid-base status. The symptoms of metabolic acidosis are not typically associated with opioid use.

D. Respiratory alkalosis:
This occurs when there is excessive elimination of CO2, leading to decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Opioids, especially in higher doses, are more likely to cause respiratory depression and acidosis rather than alkalosis. The patient's low respiratory rate and drowsiness are indicative of respiratory acidosis rather than alkalosis.

A. Flushed skin B. Palpitations C. Bulging eyes D. Fatigue

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Flushed skin: Flushed or warm skin is more characteristic of hyperthyroidism, where there is an excess of thyroid hormones.

B. Palpitations: Palpitations or a rapid heartbeat are more characteristic of hyperthyroidism, where there is an excess of thyroid hormones.

C. Bulging eyes: Bulging or protruding eyes, known as exophthalmos, is a characteristic sign of Graves' disease, which is a specific type of hyperthyroidism.

D. Fatigue: This is correct. Fatigue is a common symptom of hypothyroidism, reflecting the overall slowing down of the body's processes.

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A client with diabetes mellitus is ordered to receive insulin for glucose correction (sliding scale coverage). The nurse knows the rapid acting insulin Insulin Lispro (Humalog) onset and peak action time are:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is post-op from knee surgery. The patient has been receiving Morphine 4 mg IV every 2 hours. The nurse notices the patient is exhibiting a respiratory rate of 8 and is extremely drowsy. Which of the following conditions is the patient at risk for?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with hypothyroidism. When assessing this patient, what sign or symptom would the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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