A client with HIV-III and wasting syndrome has inadequate nutrition. What assessment finding by the nurse best indicates that goals have been met for this client problem?
The client has a weight gain of 2 lb (1 kg) per month.
The client eats 90% of meals and snacks.
The client chooses high-protein food.
The client has decreased oral discomfort.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Weight gain is the most objective and reliable indicator of improved nutritional status in clients with wasting syndrome. It directly reflects an increase in lean body mass, which is essential for restoring health and function.
A weight gain of 2 lb (1 kg) per month is considered a safe and achievable goal for clients with HIV-III and wasting syndrome. This rate of weight gain promotes gradual replenishment of nutrient stores without overwhelming the body's systems.
While other assessment findings, such as increased food intake or decreased oral discomfort, may be positive signs, they do not necessarily guarantee that nutritional goals have been met. It's possible for a client to consume more calories without experiencing weight gain due to factors such as malabsorption or increased metabolic demands. Similarly, decreased oral discomfort may improve appetite but not ensure adequate nutrient intake.
Choice B rationale:
While eating 90% of meals and snacks is a positive sign, it does not guarantee adequate nutrient intake or weight gain. The client may still be consuming insufficient calories or experiencing malabsorption.
The focus of nutritional intervention for wasting syndrome is to increase lean body mass, which is best reflected by weight gain. Eating patterns alone may not accurately capture this progress.
Choice C rationale:
Choosing high-protein foods is important for supporting tissue repair and immune function, but it does not guarantee adequate overall caloric intake or weight gain. The client may still be consuming insufficient calories or experiencing malabsorption.
Weight gain is a more comprehensive indicator of improved nutritional status, as it reflects both protein intake and overall caloric balance.
Choice D rationale:
Decreased oral discomfort can improve appetite and facilitate food intake, but it does not guarantee adequate nutrient intake or weight gain. The client may still be consuming insufficient calories or experiencing malabsorption.
Weight gain is a more direct and reliable indicator of improved nutritional status, as it reflects the actual utilization of nutrients for tissue repair and growth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. High urinary volume:
While older adults may experience changes in urinary habits, such as increased urinary frequency or urgency, high urinary volume is not typically considered a common age-related issue. It may instead be indicative of other conditions like diabetes or excessive fluid intake.
B. Overflow incontinence:
Overflow incontinence, characterized by the inability to fully empty the bladder, leading to frequent dribbling of urine, is a common age-related issue in older adult males. It can be caused by factors such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is more prevalent as men age.
C. Frequent urination:
Frequent urination, also known as urinary frequency, can occur in older adults due to various reasons, including decreased bladder capacity or irritability. While it is common in aging populations, it is not as specifically associated with age-related changes as overflow incontinence.
D. Fruity urine odor:
Fruity urine odor is not typically considered a common age-related issue. It may indicate the presence of certain medical conditions like uncontrolled diabetes, where the body produces ketones that can impart a fruity smell to the urine.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Explain how scientific research evidence supports medical treatment: While providing education about scientific research evidence is important in healthcare, it may not directly address ethnic diversity among clients. This option focuses more on the clinical aspect of care rather than the cultural or ethnic aspects.
B. Take a foreign language class or travel abroad: While learning a foreign language or experiencing other cultures through travel can increase cultural competence, it may not be the most direct way to address ethnic diversity among clients. Additionally, not all nurses may have the time or resources to engage in such activities.
C. Provide standardized diets that meet clients' nutritional needs: Providing standardized diets may be important for meeting clients' nutritional needs, but it does not directly address ethnic diversity. Different ethnic groups may have unique dietary preferences and cultural practices related to food.
D. Listen to the life stories of older adult clients: This is the most direct way to address ethnic diversity among clients. By actively listening to the life stories of older adult clients, nurses can gain insight into their cultural backgrounds, values, beliefs, and experiences. This can help nurses provide more culturally sensitive and individualized care tailored to the needs of each client.
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