A client with peptic ulcer disease is at risk of developing a gastrointestinal bleed. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following early signs of bleeding?

Choice A reason:

Hypertension and increased heart rate are not early signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. In fact, hypotension and tachycardia are more common signs of significant blood loss.

Choice B reason:

Abdominal distention and bloating are not typical early signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. These symptoms may occur due to other gastrointestinal issues but are not specific to bleeding.

Choice C reason:

This statement is correct. Melena, or black, tarry stools, is a classic sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and indicates the presence of partially digested blood in the stool.

Choice D reason:

Hyperactive bowel sounds are not early signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. Bowel sounds may be hyperactive or hypoactive depending on the severity of the bleeding and associated factors.

Choice A reason:

Mild bloating and gas after meals may be common gastrointestinal symptoms but are not specific warning signs of complications related to peptic ulcer disease.

Choice B reason:

This statement is correct. Black, tarry stools (melena) or vomiting blood (hematemesis) are potential signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease. Clients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience these symptoms.

Choice C reason:

Occasional heartburn may occur during the course of ulcer healing but is not considered a warning sign of complications.

Choice D reason:

Feeling fatigued and sleepy after meals is not typically associated with peptic ulcer disease or its complications.