A client with Type 2 diabetes is brought into the emergency room in an unresponsive state. A diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNK) is made. The nurse prepares for the administration of which initial therapy?

Administration of glucagon

Large amounts of IV saline solution

Long-acting IV insulin

Oxygen by nasal cannula

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Large amounts of IV saline solution: This is the correct initial therapy. HHNK is characterized by severe dehydration due to osmotic diuresis resulting from hyperglycemia. Therefore, the administration of large amounts of IV saline solution is essential to correct dehydration, restore intravascular volume, and improve tissue perfusion.
A. Glucagon is typically administered to treat severe hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia.
C. Short-acting or regular insulin is administered initially to lower blood glucose levels rapidly. Long-acting insulin formulations may be used later to maintain glycemic control once the acute phase is managed.
D. Oxygen therapy may be indicated if the client is hypoxic, but it is not the initial therapy for HHNK. The priority in HHNK is to correct dehydration and hyperglycemia through fluid resuscitation and insulin therapy, respectively.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cleans and dries the perianal area after each diarrheal stool: This is the correct option. Effective perianal care for a client with diarrhea, such as ulcerative colitis, involves gentle cleansing and thorough drying of the perianal area after each stool. Proper hygiene helps prevent skin breakdown and irritation caused by prolonged contact with stool.
B. Alcohol can be irritating to the skin and may exacerbate perianal irritation and discomfort. Therefore, using alcohol compresses is not considered an appropriate perianal care practice.
C. While antidiarrheal medications may be prescribed for clients with ulcerative colitis to help manage symptoms, asking for medication after each stool is not a typical or recommended approach. The frequency and timing of antidiarrheal medication administration should be based on healthcare provider recommendations and individual symptom management plans.
D. While Sitz baths can provide relief from perianal discomfort and promote healing, taking an hour-long Sitz bath after each stool may be impractical and excessive. Sitz baths are typically recommended for shorter durations (e.g., 10-20 minutes) and may be used periodically rather than after every stool.

A. "Most of the weight you will lose at first is water rather than fat." B. "You will need to change your diet and exercise habits permanently in order to lose any weight." C. "You will decrease your risk for future health problems like atherosclerosis by losing weight now." D. "You will probably begin to notice changes in how you feel with just a few weeks of diet and exercise."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. "You will probably begin to notice changes in how you feel with just a few weeks of diet and exercise.": This statement focuses on short-term benefits of weight loss, such as improvements in energy levels, mood, and overall well-being. Teenagers may be more motivated by immediate or short-term results rather than long-term outcomes. Feeling better quickly can provide positive reinforcement and encouragement to continue with healthy habits.
A. Water weight loss may not lead to significant changes in appearance or health outcomes, which are often key motivators for weight loss.
B. This statement emphasizes the importance of making lasting lifestyle changes for successful weight loss, which is a key concept for long-term success. However, it may sound daunting or overwhelming to a teenager.
C. Connecting weight loss to long-term health outcomes is unlikely to motivate some teenagers. This is because most teenagers feel immune to most chronic illnesses.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A client with Type 2 diabetes is brought into the emergency room in an unresponsive state. A diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNK) is made. The nurse prepares for the administration of which initial therapy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse identifies a client problem of impaired skin integrity related to diarrhea for a client who has ulcerative colitis. The nurse recognizes that teaching about perianal care has been effective when the client:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which statement made by the nurse to a 14-year-old extremely obese teenager is most likely to motivate him to lose weight?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is preparing for bariatric surgery. The nurse advises that which form of exercise would be most beneficial for this client?

A client is admitted with sepsis secondary to a urinary tract infection. Of the following orders written by the health care provider, the nurse should first:

The nurse is teaching the client about successful strategies for weight loss. Which would the nurse include? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The nurse evaluates that an overweight client understands the need for a healthy weight loss pattern by Indicating an intention to lose:

A client comes to the Urgent Care center complaining of urinary frequency accompanied by pain when voiding. Which clinical manifestation would make the nurse suspect acute pyelonephritis rather than cystitis?

The nurse recognizes that the client requires additional teaching when he states, "Drugs like orlistat will:

A client was started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) ten days ago. The nurse recognizes that the expected effect of TPN is a:

The nurse is caring for a client who has suspected appendicitis. While waiting for surgery, nursing interventions for this client would include: (NOTE: Assume that there are physician's orders for all interventions which would require them.) (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)