A client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet that disrupts their sleep.The nurse explains this as a nerve disorder known as peripheral neuropathy.
Which statement by the client indicates they understand the cause of this condition?
“The nerves just go to sleep when I lie down because no message gets from my brain to the spinal cord.”.
“The nerve damage may occur for unknown reasons in any individual.”.
“The older I get, the less blood flows to my feet.”.
“The elevated blood sugar from my diabetes can cause underlying nerve damage.”.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
This statement is incorrect. Nerves do not “go to sleep.”. Peripheral neuropathy in diabetes is caused by damage to the nerves as a result of high blood sugar levels over time.
Choice B rationale
This statement is incorrect. While nerve damage can occur due to various reasons, in the context of diabetes, it is primarily due to prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. Age and blood flow to the feet are not the primary causes of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes. The primary cause is prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice D rationale
This statement is correct. Prolonged high blood sugar levels in diabetes can cause damage to the peripheral nerves, leading to peripheral neuropathy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A patient in the intensive care unit who was admitted with severe head trauma and cerebral edema, who opens their eyes spontaneously, is oriented, and obeys commands, would be experiencing a decline in their condition if they become confused. Confusion can be a sign of worsening brain function, indicating that the brain is not receiving enough oxygen or is being affected by a buildup of toxins. This could be due to increased intracranial pressure, decreased blood flow to the brain, or further injury to the brain tissue.
Choice B rationale
Mumbling inappropriate words can also be a sign of a decline in a patient’s condition. However, it is less specific than confusion. It could be due to a variety of factors, including medication side effects, sleep deprivation, or mental health issues.
Choice C rationale
If a patient’s eyes do not open to their name, it could indicate a significant decline in their condition. However, this is a more severe symptom than confusion and may not be the first sign of a decline.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cushing’s Triad, which includes bradycardia (low heart rate), irregular respiration, and widened pulse pressure, is a nervous system response that could prevent brainstem ischemia. Brainstem ischemia is a condition where there is insufficient blood flow to the brainstem, which can lead to cell death.
Choice B rationale
While tachycardia (high heart rate) is a serious condition, it is not typically prevented by Cushing’s Triad.
Choice C rationale
Agonal breathing, which is characterized by gasping, labored breathing, particularly when lying flat, is not typically prevented by Cushing’s Triad.
Choice D rationale
Chest pain is not typically prevented by Cushing’s Triad. Cushing’s Triad is a response to increased intracranial pressure, not a cardiac condition.
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