A community health nurse is providing an in-service to new staff members on isolation precautions. Which of the following diseases should the nurse identify as requiring airborne precautions?

Clostridium difficile

Influenza

Disseminated herpes zoster

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Clostridium difficile is a bacterium that causes an infection of the colon, which can result in diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever¹. Clostridium difficile is transmitted by contact with fecal matter or contaminated surfaces². Therefore, it requires contact precautions, not airborne precautions³.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Influenza is a viral infection that affects the respiratory tract, causing symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, and muscle aches⁴. Influenza is transmitted by respiratory droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking⁵. Therefore, it requires droplet precautions, not airborne precautions³.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Disseminated herpes zoster is a widespread form of shingles that affects multiple areas of the skin and can involve the internal organs⁶. Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox⁷. Disseminated herpes zoster is transmitted by airborne particles that contain the virus, or by direct contact with the lesions⁶. Therefore, it requires airborne precautions, as well as contact precautions³.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that causes mild to severe infections of the lungs and airways, especially in infants and young children⁸. RSV is transmitted by respiratory droplets, or by contact with contaminated surfaces or secretions⁹. Therefore, it requires contact precautions, and sometimes droplet precautions, but not airborne precautions³.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is false and discouraging. The caregiver may be eligible for financial assistance for dementia from various sources, such as Medicare, Medicaid, or private insurance.

Choice B reason: This statement is true and supportive. The caregiver may benefit from finding a local support group for caregivers, where they can share their experiences, learn coping strategies, and access resources.

Choice C reason: This statement is unrealistic and harmful. The caregiver should not isolate themselves or their partner from other sources of support. The caregiver may need to delegate some tasks to other family members, friends, or professional caregivers.

Choice D reason: This statement is unreasonable and exhausting. The caregiver should not take over all the activities of daily living (ADLs) for their partner, as this may undermine their partner's autonomy and dignity. The caregiver should encourage their partner to perform ADLs as much as possible, with assistance as needed.

A. "I will wear gloves when I discard the syringes." B. "I will store used syringes in a biohazard bag before discarding." C. "I will take containers of used syringes to the local recycling center." D. "I will discard the syringes in a metal container."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Wearing gloves when discarding the syringes is not necessary, as long as the syringes are placed in a sharps disposal container immediately after use. Gloves do not prevent needle-stick injuries or infections¹.

Choice B reason: Storing used syringes in a biohazard bag before discarding is not recommended, as biohazard bags are not puncture-resistant and may leak or spill. Biohazard bags are also not accepted by most disposal programs².

Choice C reason: Taking containers of used syringes to the local recycling center is not appropriate, as recycling centers do not accept medical waste. Recycling centers may also expose workers and the environment to potential hazards from the syringes³.

Choice D reason: Discarding the syringes in a metal container is a correct way to dispose of insulin needles, as long as the container is labeled as "Sharps" and has a tight-fitting lid. Metal containers, such as coffee cans or detergent bottles, are strong and durable and can prevent needle-stick injuries. Metal containers can be dropped off at designated collection sites or mailed back to disposal programs.

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A community health nurse is providing an in-service to new staff members on isolation precautions. Which of the following diseases should the nurse identify as requiring airborne precautions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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