A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults about risk factors for a hip fracture.
What statements indicate a correct understanding of these risk factors? Select all that apply.
“Men are more at risk for hip fractures than women.”.
“A history of osteoporosis is a risk factor.”.
“An increase in estrogen will weaken my bones.”.
“I am prone to a hip fracture if I’ve fallen in the past.”.
“I am more at risk as I get older.”.
Correct Answer : B,D,E
Choice A is wrong because women are more at risk for hip fractures than men.
This is partly because women lose bone density faster than men do, especially after menopause.
Choice C is wrong because an increase in estrogen will not weaken the bones. In fact, estrogen helps protect the bones from osteoporosis, which is a leading cause of hip fracture.
Some other risk factors for hip fracture include:
- Excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption
- Lack of physical activity
- Low body weight
- Tall stature
- Vision problems
- Dementia
- Medications that cause bone loss
- Cigarette smoking
- Institutional living, such as an assisted-care facility
- Increased risk for falls, related to conditions such as weakness, disability, or unsteady gait
Normal ranges for bone density vary by age and sex, but generally, a T-score of -1.0 or above is considered normal, while a T-score of -2.5 or below is considered osteoporotic. A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 is considered osteopenic, which means low bone mass.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
“I will discard unused pills after six months after replacing it with a new vial.” This statement indicates that the client understands that nitroglycerin tablets lose their potency over time and need to be replaced regularly.
Choice B is wrong because nitroglycerin can cause headaches as a side effect, but the client should not stop taking it if they have chest pain. They can use Tylenol for pain relief.
Choice C is wrong because nitroglycerin can cause hypotension and dizziness, so the client should avoid lying down or changing positions suddenly after taking it. They should sit or stand still until the chest pain subsides.
Choice D is wrong because a tingling feeling on the tongue is a normal sensation when taking sublingual nitroglycerin and does not indicate an adverse reaction. It also confirms that the tablet is potent and effective.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A two-hour postprandial glucose test is done to check your blood sugar level two hours after you eat a meal.
This test helps to diagnose diabetes or monitor its treatment. A normal blood sugar level for this test is less than 140 mg/dL.
Choice A is wrong because fasting means not eating for at least eight hours before the test. This is done for a fasting blood glucose test, not a postprandial one.
Choice B is wrong because before breakfast means before you eat anything in the morning. This is also done for a fasting blood glucose test, not a postprandial one.
Choice D is wrong because before glucose is consumed means before you drink a sugary liquid for a glucose tolerance test. This test measures how your body handles glucose after drinking it, not after eating a meal.
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