A dialysis unit nurse caring for a client with renal failure will expect the client to exhibit which ﬂuid imbalance?

homeostasis

ﬂuid volume excess

Low ﬂuid volume

ﬂuid volume deficit

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Renal failure can cause a buildup of ﬂuid in the body. When kidneys lose their filtering ability, dangerous levels of wastes may accumulate, and your blood’s chemical makeup may get out of balance. This can lead to ﬂuid retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis.

COPD is a chronic lung disease that can lead to an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the body. This can cause respiratory acidosis, a condition in which the blood pH is lower than normal due to an excess of CO2.

In respiratory acidosis, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the blood is increased and the pH is decreased. The kidneys atempt to compensate for the acidosis by excreting more acid in the urine and retaining more bicarbonate, but this compensation is usually not enough to fully correct the problem.

Metabolic alkalosis (option B) is a condition in which the blood pH is higher than normal due to an excess of bicarbonate in the blood. This is usually caused by loss of acid from the body, such as through vomiting or use of diuretics.

Respiratory alkalosis (option C) is a condition in which the blood pH is higher than normal due to a decrease in PaCO2. This can be caused by hyperventilation, which leads to excessive elimination of CO2 from the lungs.

Metabolic acidosis (option D) is a condition in which the blood pH is lower than normal due to an excess of acid in the blood. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including kidney failure or lactic acidosis.

A. O+ B. A+ C. A- D. AB+

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

AB+ blood type is known as the universal recipient because individuals with this blood type have both A and B antigens on the surface of their red blood cells, as well as the Rh antigen. This means that they can receive blood from donors of any ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) and Rh factor (positive or negative) without experiencing a transfusion reaction.

Therefore, in the case of a patient who will be needing a blood transfusion, if the nurse knows that the patient's blood type is unknown, it is ideal to give them AB+ blood type as it is considered the safest option.

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A dialysis unit nurse caring for a client with renal failure will expect the client to exhibit which ﬂuid imbalance?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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