A drug is classified as a diuretic (a drug that increases urination), is commonly used to lower blood pressure or eliminate the body of excess fluid. Most likely the drug:
Decreases the reabsorption of water
Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Causes the release of ADH
The Correct Answer is A
A. Decreases the reabsorption of water: Most diuretics act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the nephron, increasing urine output.
B. Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Diuretics do not usually decrease GFR; some may slightly increase or maintain it.
C. Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Diuretics often reduce blood volume, which might trigger RAAS as a compensatory mechanism, but activation of RAAS is not the drug’s direct action.
D. Causes the release of ADH: Diuretics counteract the action of ADH by promoting diuresis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Pressure within the renal tubules: This is tubular pressure, which opposes filtration and is not the driving force.
B. Blood pressure: Blood pressure within the glomerular capillaries provides the main hydrostatic pressure driving glomerular filtration.
C. Intrathoracic pressure: This affects respiration and venous return, not glomerular filtration.
D. Intraabdominal pressure: Elevated intraabdominal pressure can impair renal perfusion, but it does not drive filtration.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Renal failure: While renal failure can affect urine output, glucose in the urine (glucosuria) and polyuria with polydipsia are not the hallmark symptoms.
B. Bladder cancer: This may cause hematuria, but it doesn’t typically cause glucosuria, increased thirst, or urination.
C. Diabetes mellitus: In diabetes mellitus, high blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold, leading to glucose spilling into the urine, causing polyuria (due to osmotic diuresis) and polydipsia.
D. Kidney cancer: Kidney cancer may cause flank pain, hematuria, or mass, not classic symptoms of diabetes or glucosuria.
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