A drug is classified as a diuretic (a drug that increases urination), is commonly used to lower blood pressure or eliminate the body of excess fluid. Most likely the drug:
Decreases the reabsorption of water
Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Causes the release of ADH
The Correct Answer is A
A. Decreases the reabsorption of water: Most diuretics act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the nephron, increasing urine output.
B. Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Diuretics do not usually decrease GFR; some may slightly increase or maintain it.
C. Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Diuretics often reduce blood volume, which might trigger RAAS as a compensatory mechanism, but activation of RAAS is not the drug’s direct action.
D. Causes the release of ADH: Diuretics counteract the action of ADH by promoting diuresis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.
B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.
C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.
D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Pressure within the renal tubules: This is tubular pressure, which opposes filtration and is not the driving force.
B. Blood pressure: Blood pressure within the glomerular capillaries provides the main hydrostatic pressure driving glomerular filtration.
C. Intrathoracic pressure: This affects respiration and venous return, not glomerular filtration.
D. Intraabdominal pressure: Elevated intraabdominal pressure can impair renal perfusion, but it does not drive filtration.
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