A drug is classified as a diuretic (a drug that increases urination), is commonly used to lower blood pressure or eliminate the body of excess fluid. Most likely the drug:
Decreases the reabsorption of water
Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Causes the release of ADH
The Correct Answer is A
A. Decreases the reabsorption of water: Most diuretics act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the nephron, increasing urine output.
B. Decreases GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Diuretics do not usually decrease GFR; some may slightly increase or maintain it.
C. Activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: Diuretics often reduce blood volume, which might trigger RAAS as a compensatory mechanism, but activation of RAAS is not the drug’s direct action.
D. Causes the release of ADH: Diuretics counteract the action of ADH by promoting diuresis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Pressure within the renal tubules: This is tubular pressure, which opposes filtration and is not the driving force.
B. Blood pressure: Blood pressure within the glomerular capillaries provides the main hydrostatic pressure driving glomerular filtration.
C. Intrathoracic pressure: This affects respiration and venous return, not glomerular filtration.
D. Intraabdominal pressure: Elevated intraabdominal pressure can impair renal perfusion, but it does not drive filtration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Stores undigested pieces of food: The stomach, not the esophagus, is responsible for storing food temporarily.
B. Transports food from the pharynx to the stomach: The esophagus is a muscular tube that uses peristalsis to move food from the pharynx to the stomach.
C. Absorbs nutrients: Nutrient absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine, not the esophagus.
D. Breaks down proteins: Protein digestion begins in the stomach via pepsin, not in the esophagus.
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