A female middle adult client tells a nurse that she tested positive for a mutant BRCA1 gene.
The nurse should recognize that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following situations?
Developing thyroid cancer.
Delivering a child who has Down syndrome.
Developing breast cancer.
Developing Alzheimer's disease.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
A mutant BRCA1 gene is not associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer risk factors include radiation exposure and family history, but not the BRCA1 mutation.
Choice B rationale
The BRCA1 gene mutation does not increase the risk of Down syndrome in offspring. Down syndrome is related to chromosomal abnormalities, not the BRCA1 gene mutation.
Choice C rationale
The BRCA1 gene mutation significantly increases the risk of breast cancer, often at an early age. It is a key factor in hereditary breast cancer syndromes.
Choice D rationale
The BRCA1 gene mutation is not linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is associated with genetic factors like the APOE gene, not BRCA1.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Liver cancer is not associated with elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. PSA is a protein produced primarily by prostate cells, and its elevation is typically linked to prostate-related conditions rather than liver disorders.
Choice B rationale
Breast cancer is not associated with elevated PSA levels. PSA is specific to prostate cells, which are not present in breast tissue. Therefore, PSA is not a marker used in diagnosing or monitoring breast cancer.
Choice C rationale
Colon cancer is not linked to elevated PSA levels. PSA is not a biomarker for colon cancer, as it is specific to the prostate gland. Other markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), are more relevant for colon cancer.
Choice D rationale
Prostatic cancer is associated with elevated PSA levels. PSA is produced by prostate cells, and elevated levels can indicate prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or inflammation of the prostate.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering IV opioids can help manage the intense pain associated with frostbite, improving patient comfort during rewarming and recovery.
Choice B rationale
After rewarming, the extremity should be elevated, not lowered, to reduce edema by encouraging fluid return to the central circulation.
Choice C rationale
Immersing hands and feet in warm water is a crucial step in the rewarming process, which helps restore blood flow and prevent further tissue damage.
Choice D rationale
Elevating affected limbs after rewarming helps reduce edema and prevents further swelling and complications.
Choice E rationale
Tetanus prophylaxis is recommended in frostbite cases as frostbite injuries can break the skin, increasing the risk of tetanus infection. Hence, avoiding tetanus prophylaxis is incorrect.
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