A home health nurse is planning to use nonpharmacological pain relief measures for a client who has severe chronic back pain. Which of the following pain management guidelines should the nurse use?

Discontinue opioids before trying nonpharmacological methods of pain relief.

Pain relief from the use of heat and cold continues for several hours after removal of the stimulus.

Use imagery with clients who have difficulty with focus and concentration.

Distraction changes the client's perception of pain, but it does not affect the cause.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Discontinue opioids before trying nonpharmacological methods of pain relief: Nonpharmacological interventions can be used alongside opioids to enhance pain relief. Abruptly discontinuing opioids can lead to withdrawal symptoms and inadequate pain control.

B. Pain relief from the use of heat and cold continues for several hours after removal of the stimulus: While heat and cold therapy can provide temporary relief, their effects typically last for a short duration, usually around 15 to 30 minutes after removal.

C. Use imagery with clients who have difficulty with focus and concentration: Guided imagery requires cognitive focus and the ability to concentrate. Clients with impaired attention may struggle to benefit from this technique.

D. Distraction changes the client's perception of pain, but it does not affect the cause: Distraction techniques, such as music or conversation, help shift the client's attention away from pain, altering perception but not addressing the underlying pathology.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Sore throat: A sore throat is a common and expected finding after extubation due to irritation and mild inflammation of the airway. While discomfort may persist, it does not typically require immediate intervention.

B. SaO2 92%: An oxygen saturation of 92% is slightly lower than normal but is generally acceptable in most patients following extubation. Close monitoring is necessary, but immediate intervention is not required unless the saturation continues to decline.

C. Stridor: Stridor is a high-pitched, harsh sound caused by upper airway obstruction, often due to post-extubation laryngeal edema. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention, such as administration of nebulized epinephrine, corticosteroids, or reintubation if severe airway compromise occurs.

D. Rhonchi: Rhonchi are low-pitched, coarse lung sounds caused by mucus or secretions in the airways. This finding may indicate the need for suctioning or respiratory therapy but does not require urgent intervention compared to stridor.

A. Begin a weight-bearing exercise program. B. Avoid practicing yoga. C. Continue jogging 1 to 2 miles per day. D. Walk at least 60 min every day.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Begin a weight-bearing exercise program: Activities like walking, dancing, and resistance training help maintain bone density by stimulating osteoblast activity. Regular weight-bearing exercise strengthens bones and reduces the risk of fractures.

B. Avoid practicing yoga: Yoga can actually be beneficial for individuals with osteoporosis by improving balance, flexibility, and posture. However, certain high-impact or extreme bending poses should be avoided.

C. Continue jogging 1 to 2 miles per day: High-impact activities such as jogging can increase the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Lower-impact exercises like walking or strength training are safer alternatives.

D. Walk at least 60 min every day: While walking is a good low-impact exercise, excessive walking without resistance or strength training may not provide sufficient bone-strengthening benefits. A structured weight-bearing exercise program is more effective.

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A home health nurse is planning to use nonpharmacological pain relief measures for a client who has severe chronic back pain. Which of the following pain management guidelines should the nurse use?

Nursing Test Bank

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