A home health nurse is scheduled for a first time visit to a client. Which of the following should the nurse perform first?

Blood pressure screening

Mental status examination

Review of the neighborhood

Family history

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Blood pressure screening is not the first thing that the nurse should perform, as it is a physical assessment that can be done later in the visit. Blood pressure screening is important to monitor the client's cardiovascular health and risk of hypertension, but it is not a priority for the initial visit.

Choice B reason: Mental status examination is not the first thing that the nurse should perform, as it is a psychological assessment that can be done later in the visit. Mental status examination is important to evaluate the client's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning and identify any mental health issues, but it is not a priority for the initial visit.

Choice C reason: Review of the neighborhood is the first thing that the nurse should perform, as it is an environmental assessment that can provide valuable information about the client's living conditions, safety, and resources. Review of the neighborhood is important to identify any potential hazards, barriers, or needs that may affect the client's health and well-being, and to plan appropriate interventions and referrals.

Choice D reason: Family history is not the first thing that the nurse should perform, as it is a genetic and social assessment that can be done later in the visit. Family history is important to determine the client's risk of inheriting or developing certain diseases, and to understand the client's family dynamics and support system, but it is not a priority for the initial visit.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:This is a correct recommendation. The American Academy of Ophthalmology advises adults aged 40–64 to have a comprehensive eye exam every 2 years. Regular exams are essential to detect common age-related conditions like glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration. After age 65, annual eye exams are often recommended.

Choice B reason: You should have your hearing screened every 10 years, not every 5 years, until the age of 50. After 50, you should have a hearing test every 3 years.

Choice C reason:While stool-based testing for colorectal cancer (such as FOBT or FIT) is recommended starting at age 45, it is typically done annually, not every other year. Other screening methods, like a colonoscopy, may have a longer interval but should follow guidelines tailored to the patient’s risk profile.

Choice D reason: You should have your fasting blood glucose level checked every 3 years, not every 6 years, starting at age 45. This is a screening test for diabetes, which can increase your risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and other complications. If you have a history of gestational diabetes, obesity, or other risk factors, you may need more frequent testing.

A. Encourage enrollment and attendance at weight reduction programs. B. Educate children at a day care center about nutrition and exercise. C. Distribute health risk appraisal questionnaires at community functions. D. Measure the BMI of older adults at a community senior center.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Encouraging enrollment and attendance at weight reduction programs is not a priority intervention, as it targets a specific population and does not address the root causes of obesity. It may also have low participation and adherence rates.

Choice B reason: Educating children at a day care center about nutrition and exercise is a priority intervention, as it promotes primary prevention and health promotion. It can also have a positive impact on the children's health behaviors, attitudes, and outcomes, as well as influence their families and communities.

Choice C reason: Distributing health risk appraisal questionnaires at community functions is not a priority intervention, as it is a passive and indirect approach. It may not reach the most vulnerable or at-risk populations, and it does not provide any education or follow-up.

Choice D reason: Measuring the BMI of older adults at a community senior center is not a priority intervention, as it is a secondary prevention strategy that focuses on screening and detection. It does not address the prevention or management of obesity or its complications.

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A home health nurse is scheduled for a first time visit to a client. Which of the following should the nurse perform first?

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Correct Answer is B

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