A newborn tests positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following should the nurse administer?
Hepatitis B vaccine monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen.
Hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth.
Hepatitis B immune globulin at 1 week followed by hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months.
Hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
While the hepatitis B vaccine is an important part of preventing hepatitis B infection, it is not typically given on a monthly basis until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Instead, the vaccine is usually given in a series of three to four doses over a six-month period.
Choice B rationale
For newborns who test positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen, the current recommendation is to administer both the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the
hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. The HBIG provides immediate, short-term protection against the virus, while the vaccine stimulates the newborn’s immune system to provide long-term protection.
Choice C rationale
While the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine are both important for preventing hepatitis B infection in newborns, they are not typically administered in the manner described in this choice. The HBIG is usually given once, within 12 hours of birth, while the vaccine is given in a series of three to four doses over a six-month period.
Choice D rationale
The hepatitis B vaccine is typically given within 24 hours of birth, but it is not followed by doses of the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) every 12 hours for three days. Instead, a single dose of HBIG is usually given within 12 hours of birth, along with the first dose of the vaccine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering oxygen via a nasal cannula is not the appropriate response to a client experiencing tingling fingers during pattern-paced breathing. This symptom is not indicative of hypoxia.
Choice B rationale
Having the client tuck her chin to her chest can help alleviate the tingling sensation. This position can help reduce hyperventilation, which is often the cause of the tingling.
Choice C rationale
Assisting the client to breathe into a paper bag is not the appropriate response to a client experiencing tingling fingers during pattern-paced breathing. This action is typically used to treat hyperventilation, but it is not the first-line intervention.
Choice D rationale
Instructing the client to increase her respiratory rate to more than 42 breaths per minute is not the appropriate response to a client experiencing tingling fingers during pattern-paced breathing. This could exacerbate the problem by causing further hyperventilation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
At the level of the umbilicus. After a vaginal delivery, the nurse should expect to find the uterine fundus at the level of the umbilicus.
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