A newly admitted client has been prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The nurse understands that this medication is contraindicated based on which lab result?

Serum fasting glucose 101 mg/dL

platelets 160,000 uL

Serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dL

Hemoglobin 13.6 g/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   A serum fasting glucose level of 101 mg/dL indicates a mild elevation but is not significantly high enough to contraindicate the use of TMP-SMX. It does not directly relate to the medication’s safety.
B.   A platelet count of 160,000 µL is within normal limits (normal range is typically 150,000-450,000 µL). This result does not indicate any contraindication for using TMP-SMX.

C.   A serum creatinine level of 2.5 mg/dL indicates impaired kidney function (normal range is typically 0.6-1.2 mg/dL). TMP-SMX can be contraindicated in patients with significant renal impairment due to the potential for drug accumulation and toxicity, particularly affecting renal function.
D.   A hemoglobin level of 13.6 g/dL is within normal limits (normal range is approximately 13.5-17.5 g/dL for males and 12.0-15.5 g/dL for females). This result does not indicate a contraindication for using TMP- SMX.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While anxiety can exacerbate feelings of breathlessness, treating anxiety does not address the
underlying issue of respiratory distress. It is important to first stabilize the client’s respiratory condition
before managing anxiety.
B. Auscultating breath sounds can provide valuable information regarding the client’s respiratory status. However, in an emergency situation, immediate interventions to stabilize the client should take precedence over assessments, especially since the vital signs indicate significant distress.

C. Elevating the head of the bed can help improve respiratory effort by allowing better lung expansion and reducing the work of breathing. Given the client’s low oxygen saturation and signs of respiratory distress, this intervention can provide immediate relief and improve oxygenation.
D. While this may be necessary if the client's condition worsens or does not improve, it is not the first action to take. Preparing for mechanical ventilation is a more advanced intervention and should only occur after initial stabilization efforts have been made.

A. omitted meals. B. a GI disturbance. C. not taking insulin regularly. D. an insulin overdosage.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While skipping meals can affect blood glucose levels, it is not a direct primary cause of DKA. In some cases, if a person with Type 1 diabetes skips a meal and does not adjust their insulin accordingly, it could lead to hyperglycemia. However, the absence of insulin is the critical factor in DKA.
B. Gastrointestinal disturbances, such as vomiting or diarrhea, can contribute to DKA by leading to dehydration and altering insulin absorption. However, they are not primary causes. The main concern is that they may cause the individual to skip insulin or not manage their diabetes effectively.
C. DKA is primarily caused by a lack of insulin, which leads to the body breaking down fat for energy instead of glucose. This process produces ketones, which can accumulate and lead to acidosis. For individuals with Type 1 diabetes, consistently taking insulin is crucial to prevent DKA.
D. An insulin overdose can lead to hypoglycemia, not DKA. When too much insulin is taken, it can cause blood glucose levels to drop too low, which is the opposite of what occurs in DKA.

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A newly admitted client has been prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The nurse understands that this medication is contraindicated based on which lab result?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is teaching an adult client with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse recognizes that teaching a client to wash the hands after using the bathroom is an attempt to break the chain of infection between the:

A client with Type 2 diabetes is brought into the emergency room in an unresponsive state. A diagnosis of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS) is made. The nurse prepares for the administration of which initial therapy?

A client's insulin dosage is 16 units of regular insulin in the morning. The client should be taught to expect the insulin peak within:

The client, on an intensified insulin regimen, consistently has a fasting blood glucose between 70 and 80 mg/dl, a post prandial blood glucose level below 200 mg/dl, and a hemoglobin A1c level of 4.5%. What is the nurse's interpretation of these findings? The client is:

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A client on glipizide, a sulfonylurea, reports to the nurse feeling anxious, sweaty & has a headache. The nurse's initial action is to: