The client, on an intensified insulin regimen, consistently has a fasting blood glucose between 70 and 80 mg/dL, a postprandial blood glucose level below 200 mg/dL, and a hemoglobin A1c level of 5.5%. What is the nurse’s interpretation of these findings?

The client is at increased risk for developing hypoglycemia.

The client is demonstrating signs of insulin resistance.

The client is demonstrating good control of blood glucose.

The client is at increased risk for developing hyperglycemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

The client’s fasting blood glucose level, postprandial blood glucose level, and hemoglobin A1c level are all within the target range for good blood glucose control in diabetes. Therefore, the client is not at an increased risk for developing hypoglycemia.

Choice B rationale

Insulin resistance is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes. The client’s blood glucose levels are well controlled, which suggests that the client’s insulin regimen is effective, not that the client is demonstrating signs of insulin resistance.

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Omitted meals can lead to hypoglycemia, not diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not a lack of food intake.

Choice B rationale

Polydipsia and polyphagia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not causes of DKA. They occur as the body tries to compensate for high blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale

Not taking enough insulin is a primary cause of the development of DKA. Without enough insulin, the body begins to break down fat for fuel, which produces acids known as ketones.

Choice D rationale

An insulin overdose would lead to hypoglycemia, not DKA. DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not an excess.

A. Limit intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits. B. Decrease intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL. C. Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notify the doctor if it continues to rise. D. Only administer the morning prescribed dose of insulin.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Limiting intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits is not the best advice for a patient with Type 1 diabetes reporting a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. While it’s important to stay hydrated, especially when sick, it’s also crucial to maintain a balanced diet to provide the body with necessary nutrients for recovery.

Choice B rationale

Decreasing intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL is not recommended. Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy, and reducing their intake could lead to low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, which can be dangerous.

Choice C rationale

Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notifying the doctor if it continues to rise is the best advice. When a patient with diabetes is sick, their blood glucose levels can rise due to the stress the body is under. Regular monitoring allows for timely adjustments in insulin dosage and helps prevent diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious complication.

Choice D rationale

Administering only the morning prescribed dose of insulin is not advisable. Insulin requirements can increase when a person with diabetes is sick. Therefore, sticking to the regular insulin regimen without adjustments could lead to high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.

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The client, on an intensified insulin regimen, consistently has a fasting blood glucose between 70 and 80 mg/dL, a postprandial blood glucose level below 200 mg/dL, and a hemoglobin A1c level of 5.5%. What is the nurse’s interpretation of these findings?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes reports a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. What advice should the nurse give to the patient?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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