A nurse caring for a client with hepatitis is providing education to the client about portal hypertension. Which of the following will the nurse include in the teaching?
"Increased pressure from portal hypertension contributes to the abdominal swelling."
"Portal hypertension is caused by the heart overworking."
"Portal hypertension develops when the cirrhosis begins to resolve."
"Eating high sodium foods and a stressful lifestyle contribute to portal hypertension."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because portal hypertension means that there is high blood pressure in the portal vein, which carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver. When the liver is damaged by hepatitis, it becomes scarred and obstructs the blood flow, causing increased pressure in the portal vein. This leads to fluid accumulation in the abdomen, called ascites, which causes abdominal swelling.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because portal hypertension is not caused by the heart overworking but by liver damage. The heart does not pump blood into the portal vein, but into the hepatic artery, which supplies oxygenated blood to the liver.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because portal hypertension does not develop when cirrhosis begins to resolve, but when it progresses. Cirrhosis is a chronic condition that causes irreversible scarring of the liver tissue, which worsens over time and increases portal hypertension.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because eating high-sodium foods and a stressful lifestyle do not cause portal hypertension, but they can aggravate it. High-sodium foods can increase fluid retention and worsen ascites, while stress can increase blood pressure and worsen bleeding complications. The nurse should advise the client to limit sodium intake and manage stress levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because standing directly in front of the client is not the priority action by the nurse when admitting a client who has a partial hearing loss. Standing directly in front of the client can enhance communication, but it is not as important as assessing the client's hearing status and needs.
Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because rephrasing statements the client does not hear is not the priority action by the nurse when admitting a client who has a partial hearing loss. Rephrasing statements can improve understanding, but it is not as essential as evaluating the client's hearing level and preferences.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because speaking using his usual tone of voice is not the priority action by the nurse when admitting a client who has a partial hearing loss. Speaking using his usual tone of voice may or may not be appropriate, depending on the client's hearing ability and comfort. The nurse should adjust his tone of voice based on the client's feedback and response.
Choice D Reason: This is the correct choice because determining if the client uses hearing aids is the priority action by the nurse when admitting a client who has a partial hearing loss. Hearing aids are devices that amplify sound and improve hearing for people with hearing loss. The nurse should determine if the client uses hearing aids, and if so, check their function, fit, and battery life. The nurse should also ask about any other assistive devices or strategies that the client uses to communicate effectively.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is correct because clinical obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Clinical obesity is defined by having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, or a waist circumference of more than 40 inches for men or 35 inches for women. Obesity can increase insulin resistance and inflammation, which can lead to metabolic syndrome.
Choice B Reason: This is correct because elevated blood pressure is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Elevated blood pressure is defined by having a systolic blood pressure of 130 mm Hg or higher, or a diastolic blood pressure of 85 mm Hg or higher. High blood pressure can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with metabolic syndrome.
Choice C Reason: This is correct because high triglycerides are a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Triglycerides are a type of fat that circulates in the blood and provides energy for the cells. High triglycerides are defined by having a level of 150 mg/dL or higher. High triglycerides can increase the risk of fatty liver disease and pancreatitis, which are related to metabolic syndrome.
Choice D Reason: This is correct because hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Hypercholesterolemia is defined by having a total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dL or higher, or a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level of 100 mg/dL or higher. LDL cholesterol is also known as "bad" cholesterol because it can build up in the arteries and cause plaque formation and narrowing, which can lead to cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.
Choice E Reason: This is correct because hyperglycemia is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Hyperglycemia is defined by having a fasting blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL or higher, or a hemoglobin A1c level of 5.7% or higher. Hemoglobin A1c is a measure of average blood glucose over three months. Hyperglycemia can indicate impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, which are hallmarks of metabolic syndrome.
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