A nurse educator is discussing Benner's Stages of Nursing Expertise with a group of newly licensed nurses.
Which of the following is a characteristic of an expert nurse?
Uses general rules to guide decision-making.
Demonstrates analytic abilities in new situations.
Prefers being told appropriate actions to take.
Has an intuitive grasp of situations and deep understanding.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Using general rules to guide decision-making is characteristic of a "competent" nurse, according to Benner's stages. Competent nurses are able to apply abstract principles to concrete situations, but their decision-making is often deliberate and rule-bound, lacking the fluid, intuitive understanding of an expert. This stage involves more conscious analysis rather than immediate recognition.
Choice B rationale
Demonstrating analytic abilities in new situations is typical of an "advanced beginner" or "competent" nurse. While experts do possess strong analytical skills, their approach in new situations often transcends pure analysis, integrating a vast array of past experiences and an intuitive grasp that allows for more rapid and nuanced problem-solving than simply breaking down a problem.
Choice C rationale
Preferring being told appropriate actions to take is more characteristic of a "novice" nurse. Novices rely heavily on rules and instructions, lacking the experience to critically evaluate situations and determine appropriate actions independently. Their knowledge is abstract and context-free, requiring explicit guidelines for performance and decision-making in clinical practice.
Choice D rationale
An expert nurse possesses an intuitive grasp of situations and a deep understanding, which allows them to fluidly and accurately assess complex clinical scenarios without conscious deliberation. This expertise is developed through extensive experience, leading to a rich background of knowledge and patterns that enable immediate, holistic perception of problems and solutions, often beyond what rules can dictate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Self-reflection is a continuous and iterative process, not a one-time intervention. Its effectiveness stems from repeated engagement, allowing individuals to track progress, identify recurring patterns in their thinking and behavior, and integrate new insights over time. A single instance provides limited benefit compared to sustained practice.
Choice B rationale
While self-reflection primarily focuses on individual internal processes, it can involve more than one person through guided debriefing sessions, peer feedback, or mentorship discussions. External perspectives can offer valuable insights, challenge assumptions, and broaden the scope of reflection, enhancing its depth and utility as an assessment tool.
Choice C rationale
Self-reflection is a powerful tool for analyzing thinking processes. It allows individuals to critically examine their cognitive biases, decision-making strategies, emotional responses, and underlying assumptions. By consciously reviewing these elements, individuals can identify flaws, enhance clarity, and improve the logic and efficacy of their future thought processes.
Choice D rationale
Self-reflection directly promotes critical thinking by requiring individuals to analyze their experiences, evaluate their actions, and identify underlying assumptions. This process fosters a deeper understanding of situations and personal responses, leading to enhanced problem-solving abilities, improved decision-making, and significant personal and professional growth.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Employing coercive power, which relies on threats or punishment, is generally counterproductive in policy development. Sustainable political influence stems from collaboration and well-reasoned arguments, rather than dictatorial approaches. Coercion erodes trust and can alienate potential allies, ultimately hindering effective advocacy for public health initiatives.
Choice B rationale
Nurses possess unique insights into community health needs due to their direct patient contact and understanding of social determinants of health. Voicing these concerns to elected officials is a vital aspect of civic engagement, allowing nurses to advocate for policies that promote population well-being and address health disparities. This aligns with their professional responsibility to the public.
Choice C rationale
Preventing the development of coalitions within healthcare facilities is detrimental to effective advocacy. Coalitions amplify collective voices, pooling resources and diverse perspectives to exert greater influence on policy makers. Collaboration among various healthcare professionals strengthens advocacy efforts, leading to more comprehensive and impactful policy changes.
Choice D rationale
While clinical duties are paramount, nurses also have a professional and ethical obligation to engage in political processes. Healthcare policies directly impact patient care, nursing practice, and public health outcomes. Avoiding political involvement limits their ability to shape the environment in which they practice and advocate for their patients' best interests.
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