A nurse educator who leads a residency program for new nurses is educating the new nurses on the trajectory of chronic illness. The nurse recognizes a need for further teaching when one of the new nurses states which of the following?

"A primary goal when caring for clients who have a chronic illness is to cure them of the condition."

"Clients with chronic illness may have to dedicate a lot of time to managing their disease."

"Individuals with the same chronic illness may experience a completely different trajectory of the illness."

"The client and caregiver should be educated on the prescribed treatment plan."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   This statement is incorrect because many chronic illnesses are not curable. The goal of care for chronic illnesses is often to manage the condition, improve quality of life, and prevent complications, rather than achieving a complete cure.
B.   This statement is accurate. Managing a chronic illness often requires significant time and effort, including medication adherence, lifestyle changes, and regular medical appointments.
C.   The trajectory of a chronic illness can vary greatly between individuals, even those with the same condition. Factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and access to care can influence the course of the illness.
D.   This statement is accurate. Educating the client and caregiver about the prescribed treatment plan is essential for optimal management of chronic illnesses. This includes understanding medication dosages, side effects, and lifestyle modifications.

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Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Client's Response to Nitroglycerin Therapy

• Unstable Angina:
o Typically, unstable angina responds well to nitroglycerin. The relief of discomfort after nitroglycerin administration suggests that the chest pain was likely related to unstable angina, as it indicates a reduction in coronary artery spasm or temporary ischemia.
• Myocardial Infarction:
o In an MI, nitroglycerin may help alleviate pain, but it does not address the underlying cause of myocardial injury. The pain relief in an MI is generally more variable and may not be as effective if there is significant myocardial damage.

2. Client's Initial Report of Manifestations

• Unstable Angina:
o The symptoms described (shortness of breath, dizziness, and discomfort in the jaw, neck, and left arm) are consistent with unstable angina, which is characterized by episodes of chest pain or discomfort at rest or with minimal exertion, often associated with transient ischemia.
• Myocardial Infarction:
o These symptoms can also be consistent with MI, especially if they are severe or persistent. However, MI often presents with more intense and prolonged pain, and the discomfort might not always resolve with rest.

3. 12 Lead EKG Report

• Unstable Angina:
o ST depression on an EKG is more commonly associated with unstable angina, which indicates transient ischemia rather than a sustained myocardial injury.
• Myocardial Infarction:
o ST depression indicates ischemia commonly in angina.

4. Troponin Results

• Unstable Angina:
o Troponin levels are typically normal in unstable angina. The client’s troponin I (0.01 ng/mL) and troponin T (0.03 ng/mL) are within the normal range, suggesting no significant myocardial injury. This is consistent with unstable angina.
• Myocardial Infarction:
o Elevated troponin levels are a key marker of myocardial injury. The normal troponin results in this case do not support an MI diagnosis, as elevated troponin levels would be expected in MI.

A. A client who is being treated for otitis media B. A client who has experienced an injury to the eardrum C. A client who works in a loud environment D. A client whose ear canal is impacted with wax

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Otitis media is an infection or inflammation of the middle ear. This condition primarily affects the middle ear structures and can cause conductive hearing loss, which is due to problems with sound transmission through the outer or middle ear.
B. An injury to the eardrum, such as a perforation, can lead to conductive hearing loss. This occurs because the eardrum (tympanic membrane) is crucial for transmitting sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear. While an eardrum injury affects sound transmission, it does not directly damage the inner ear or auditory nerve, so it does not typically cause sensorineural hearing loss.
C. Exposure to loud noise is a common cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Prolonged or intense noise exposure can damage the sensory hair cells in the cochlea or the auditory nerve pathways, leading to permanent hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is due to damage in the inner ear or auditory nerve rather than the outer or middle ear structures.
D. Impacted earwax can cause conductive hearing loss by blocking sound transmission through the ear canal. This type of hearing loss is due to a blockage and is usually reversible once the wax is removed. It does not cause sensorineural hearing loss, which involves damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve.

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A nurse educator who leads a residency program for new nurses is educating the new nurses on the trajectory of chronic illness. The nurse recognizes a need for further teaching when one of the new nurses states which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client. Exhibits For each of the following findings in the client's medical record, click to specify if they are consistent with unstable angina or a myocardial infarction (MI). Each finding may support more than one disease process.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Which of the following clients is at risk for sensorineural hearing loss?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A staff nurse is teaching a client who has secondary hypothyroidism about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes secondary hypothyroidism. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

The nurse is reviewing the results of the client's echocardiogram and observes that the ejection fraction is 30%. Which lab result would the nurse expect to be elevated for a client with this ejection fraction?

The nurse is providing care for a geriatric patient with loss of hearing acuity over the past several years. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

A client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease asks the nurse "Why did I develop this disease? What caused it?" Which response should the nurse provide?

A client with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is undergoing photodynamic therapy with the medication Verteporfin. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for this client?

A nurse is caring for a client who has shortness of breath and a chronic cough. The client has smoked one pack of cigarettes per day for the last 20 years. Which finding on the client's chest x-ray would be consistent with a diagnosis of advanced COPD?