A nurse in a health clinic is collecting data from an older adult patient.
Which piece of information in the patient’s history increases their risk for osteoporosis?
The patient enjoys a glass of red wine every evening.
The patient walks 3.2 km (2 mi) daily.
The patient is lactose intolerant.
The patient is a gardener.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Enjoying a glass of red wine every evening is not directly linked to an increased risk of osteoporosis. While excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to bone loss, moderate consumption (up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men) does not appear to significantly affect bone mineral density.
Choice B rationale
Regular physical activity, such as walking, is actually beneficial for bone health. Weight-bearing exercises, including walking, can help increase bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
Choice C rationale
Lactose intolerance can increase the risk of osteoporosis. Individuals with lactose intolerance often avoid dairy products, which are a major source of dietary calcium. Calcium is essential for bone health, and inadequate calcium intake can lead to decreased bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis.
Choice D rationale
Gardening is a form of physical activity, and like walking, it can help increase bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. There is no evidence to suggest that gardening increases the risk of osteoporosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and prevent chest pain (angina). It works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump as hard. It also increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. The sustained-release tablets are designed to release the medication slowly in the body. Therefore, patients are advised to consume the medication in its entirety. Crushing, chewing, or breaking the tablet would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
Choice B rationale
While it’s generally a good idea to store medications in a cool, dry place, specific storage instructions for diltiazem sustained-release tablets are not typically emphasized. The focus is more on the method of consumption.
Choice C rationale
Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with diltiazem and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor. Therefore, it’s not advisable to accompany the medication with grapefruit juice.
Choice D rationale
Diltiazem can be taken with or without food. If it upsets the patient’s stomach, it can be taken with food. However, it’s not a mandatory instruction that the medication must be administered during meals.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A sigmoidoscopy is a procedure used to examine the lower part of the colon (sigmoid colon and rectum). The knee-chest position allows for better visualization of the sigmoid colon by straightening the rectosigmoid junction.
Choice B rationale
The prone position is not typically used for sigmoidoscopy. This position does not provide optimal visualization of the sigmoid colon.
Choice C rationale
The orthopneic position, which involves sitting up and leaning forward, is not used for sigmoidoscopy.
Choice D rationale
The Trendelenburg position, which involves lying flat with the feet elevated higher than the head, is not used for sigmoidoscopy.
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