A nurse in a prenatal clinic is completing a skin assessment of a client who is in the second trimester. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Striae gravidarum

Chloasma

Linea nigra

Eczema

Psoriasis

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Explanation:

A. Striae gravidarum: Also known as stretch marks, striae gravidarum are common during pregnancy due to the stretching and thinning of the skin as the uterus expands. They often appear as pink or purple streaks on the abdomen, breasts, hips, and thighs.

B. Chloasma: Chloasma, also called the "mask of pregnancy," refers to hyperpigmented areas on the face, typically appearing as brown patches on the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. It is caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy and increased melanin production.

C. Linea nigra: Linea nigra is a dark line that develops vertically along the midline of the abdomen during pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal changes and increased pigmentation, and it typically fades after childbirth.

D. Eczema: Eczema, a skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed patches, may or may not be directly related to pregnancy. Some women may experience flare-ups of eczema during pregnancy due to hormonal changes or other factors, but it is not specific to the second trimester.

E. Psoriasis: Psoriasis, another skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches, may also flare up during pregnancy for some individuals. However, like eczema, it is not specific to the second trimester and can occur at any time.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Explanation:

A. Hypotension: Spinal cord injuries, especially cervical injuries, can affect autonomic nervous system function, leading to neurogenic shock and hypotension. The disruption of sympathetic nervous system control over blood vessels can result in vasodilation and a drop in blood pressure.

B. Polyuria: While urinary dysfunction is a common complication of spinal cord injuries, especially with higher-level injuries, polyuria (excessive urine production) is more commonly associated with lower-level spinal cord injuries affecting the sacral segments. Cervical spinal cord injuries are more likely to lead to neurogenic bladder, urinary retention, or incontinence rather than polyuria.

C. Absence of bowel sounds: Spinal cord injuries can affect the gastrointestinal system, leading to a decrease or absence of bowel sounds due to impaired bowel motility. This can result in paralytic ileus or constipation.

D. Weakened gag reflex: Spinal cord injuries involving the cervical region can affect the pharyngeal and laryngeal nerves, leading to a weakened gag reflex. This can increase the risk of aspiration and difficulty swallowing.

E. Hyperthermia: Spinal cord injuries can disrupt thermoregulation, leading to difficulties in temperature control. Clients with cervical spinal cord injuries may be at risk of hyperthermia due to impaired sweating and heat dissipation mechanisms.

A. Rh incompatibility B. Fetal gender C. Cephalopelvic disproportion D. Anomalies in fetal chromosomes E. Neural tube defects

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Explanation:

A. Rh incompatibility

Amniocentesis is not used to identify Rh incompatibility. Rh incompatibility occurs when the mother is Rh-negative, and the baby is Rh-positive, leading to potential complications if the mother develops antibodies against the baby's Rh-positive blood cells. However, this condition is typically managed through other means such as Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) administration.

B. Fetal gender

Amniocentesis can determine the fetal gender by analyzing the chromosomes present in the fetal cells obtained from the amniotic fluid. The presence of a Y chromosome indicates a male fetus, while its absence indicates a female fetus. Therefore, fetal gender can be identified through amniocentesis.

C. Cephalopelvic disproportion

Cephalopelvic disproportion refers to a situation where the baby's head is too large to pass through the mother's pelvis during childbirth. This condition is typically diagnosed during labor based on the progress of labor and fetal descent. Amniocentesis is not used to identify cephalopelvic disproportion.

D. Anomalies in fetal chromosomes

Amniocentesis is primarily used to identify anomalies in fetal chromosomes, such as chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Trisomy 18, and Trisomy 13. It can also detect other chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders caused by changes in the number or structure of chromosomes.

E. Neural tube defects

Amniocentesis can detect neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, by analyzing levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and other markers in the amniotic fluid. Elevated levels of AFP may indicate a neural tube defect.

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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is completing a skin assessment of a client who is in the second trimester. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in the emergency department is monitoring a client who has a cervical spinal cord injury from a fall. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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