A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client.

Exhibit 1

Medical History

Initial visit:

Client reports a sedentary lifestyle.

Client is lactose intolerant and denies taking vitamin supplements.

Client is a nonsmoker.

Client does not drink alcohol.

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)

Phosphorous level

Vitamin D level

Smoking history

Alcohol use

Activity level

Lactose intolerant

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,E,F

A. Phosphorous level: While phosphorus is important for bone health, deficiencies are rare in individuals with a normal diet and are not typically associated with osteoporosis.

B. Vitamin D level: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health. Inadequate vitamin D levels can lead to decreased calcium absorption and increase the risk of osteoporosis.

C. Smoking history: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis due to its adverse effects on bone metabolism, but the client is a nonsmoker, so this finding does not apply.

D. Alcohol use: Excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but the client does not drink alcohol, so this finding does not apply.

E. Activity level: A sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises and physical activity help maintain bone density and strength, reducing the risk of osteoporosis.

F. Lactose intolerant: Lactose intolerance may lead to decreased intake of dairy products, which are a significant source of calcium. Inadequate calcium intake can contribute to decreased bone density and increase the risk of osteoporosis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","F"]

Explanation

A. History of diabetes mellitus: This is correct. Diabetes mellitus can lead to delayed wound healing due to various factors, including impaired circulation, neuropathy, and compromised immune function.

B. Cholesterol level: While abnormal cholesterol levels can impact cardiovascular health, they are not directly linked to delayed wound healing unless they are part of a broader metabolic disorder or condition that affects vascular health.

C. Prealbumin level: Prealbumin is a marker of nutritional status. Low prealbumin levels can indicate malnutrition, which is a risk factor for delayed wound healing.

D. History of hyperlipidemia: Hyperlipidemia refers to high levels of fats (lipids) in the blood, such as cholesterol and triglycerides. While hyperlipidemia is associated with cardiovascular risk, it is not a direct risk factor for delayed wound healing unless it is part of a broader metabolic syndrome or condition affecting vascular health.

E. Mini Nutritional Assessment screening tool score: This is correct. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) screening tool assesses nutritional status, and a low score indicates malnutrition or nutritional deficiencies, which can contribute to delayed wound healing.

F. History of malnutrition: This is correct. Malnutrition, whether due to inadequate intake, absorption issues, or other factors, is a significant risk factor for delayed wound healing as it affects the body's ability to repair tissues and fight infection.

A. Corneas with an opaque appearance B. Pupils that are 8 to 9 mm in diameter C. Eyelashes that curl slightly outward. D. Eyelids that blink involuntarily 30 to 35 times per minute

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Corneas with an opaque appearance:

An opaque appearance of the corneas indicates an abnormal finding and could suggest a pathological condition such as corneal edema, scarring, or infection. The corneas should normally be clear and transparent to allow light to pass through to the retina.

B. Pupils that are 8 to 9 mm in diameter:

Pupils that are 8 to 9 mm in diameter are abnormally large and dilated. Normal pupil size varies between approximately 2 to 4 mm in diameter under normal lighting conditions. An 8 to 9 mm diameter suggests mydriasis, which may be caused by various factors such as medications, neurological conditions, or trauma.

C. Eyelashes that curl slightly outward.

Eyelashes that curl slightly outward are a normal finding and help to protect the eyes by preventing foreign particles from entering. This finding is considered within the range of normal anatomy and physiology of the eye.

D. Eyelids that blink involuntarily 30 to 35 times per minute:

While blinking is a normal physiological response that helps to keep the surface of the eye moist and clear debris, the rate of involuntary blinking typically ranges from 15 to 20 times per minute in adults, not 30 to 35 times per minute. A higher rate of blinking could indicate irritation, dryness, or other ocular discomfort.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","F"]

Explanation

A nurse is performing an eye assessment for a newly admitted client. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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