A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Orthostatic hypotension
BMI of 24
Family history of osteoporosis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is correct. Type 1 diabetes is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its potential impact on blood vessels and the heart over time. Individuals with diabetes, especially poorly controlled diabetes, are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications such as heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.
Choice B Reason:
Orthostatic hypotension is incorrect. Orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop-in blood pressure when moving from a lying or sitting position to a standing position. While it can cause symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness, it's not typically considered a direct risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, it might be associated with other conditions or medications that could contribute to cardiovascular issues indirectly.
Choice C Reason:
BMI of 24 is incorrect. A BMI (Body Mass Index) of 24 falls within the normal weight range. While obesity (especially central obesity or higher BMIs) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, having a BMI of 24 by itself is not considered a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular issues.
Choice D Reason:
Family history of osteoporosis is incorrect. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, not directly related to cardiovascular disease. A family history of osteoporosis doesn't inherently indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease unless there are other associated factors or conditions within the family history that contribute to cardiovascular issues.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Use a 24-gauge catheter to start the IV.A 24-gauge catheter is appropriate for infants due to their smaller veins and the need to minimize trauma. This size allows for adequate fluid and medication administration while reducing the risk of vein damage.
B. Change the IV site every 3 days.IV sites in infants may need to be changed more frequently based on the condition of the site, the type of fluid or medication being administered, and the infant's activity level. The site should be monitored closely for signs of infiltration, phlebitis, or infection, and changed as clinically indicated.
C. Start the IV in the infant's foot.While the foot may be an acceptable site in certain situations, the hands, forearms, or scalp (in younger infants) are often preferred for IV insertion. The foot is less ideal due to the potential for the child to kick or move, increasing the risk of dislodging the IV.
D. Cover the insertion site with an opaque dressing.The insertion site should be covered with a transparent dressing to allow for continuous visualization of the site. This helps in early detection of complications such as infiltration or infection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice AReason:
Exposure to secondhand smoke is incorrect. While exposure to secondhand smoke isn't healthy for anyone, it might not be a primary trigger for seizures in most cases. However, for some individuals, exposure to certain environmental toxins or irritants might exacerbate their condition, though this varies from person to person.
Choice BReason:
Decreased temperature is incorrect. While extreme temperatures (both hot and cold) can potentially trigger seizures in some individuals, decreased temperature alone might not be a common trigger compared to other factors.
Choice C Reason:
Lack of sleep is correct. Sleep deprivation can be a significant trigger for seizures in people with epilepsy or seizure disorders. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule and ensuring adequate sleep is an important aspect of managing seizures in these individuals.
Choice D Reason:
Prolonged headache is incorrect. Headaches can sometimes be a warning sign or an aura before a seizure for some individuals, but having a headache alone might not directly trigger a seizure for most people with a seizure disorder. However, there can be a relationship between headaches and certain types of seizures in specific cases.
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