A nurse in a provider’s office is caring for a 1-year-old toddler.
The child is at risk for developing
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C"}
Choice A rationale: Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects the kidneys. It is a serious condition that can occur when bacteria from a lower urinary tract infection, such as a bladder infection, travel up to the kidneys. The toddler’s history of multiple UTIs and current symptoms, including fever and lethargy, suggest that the infection may have progressed to the kidneys. Pyelonephritis can cause significant kidney damage if not treated promptly.
Choice B rationale: Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. These cysts can lead to kidney enlargement and impaired kidney function over time. However, this condition is not typically associated with recurrent UTIs or vesicoureteral reflux. The toddler’s symptoms and medical history do not indicate the presence of polycystic kidney disease.
Choice C rationale: Renal scarring can occur as a result of recurrent UTIs and vesicoureteral reflux. When urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys, it can cause repeated infections and inflammation, leading to scarring of the kidney tissue. Renal scarring can impair kidney function and increase the risk of chronic kidney disease. The toddler’s history of UTIs and vesicoureteral reflux puts them at risk for developing renal scarring.
Choice D rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to low blood protein levels, swelling, and increased cholesterol levels. It is not typically associated with recurrent UTIs or vesicoureteral reflux. The toddler’s symptoms and medical history do not suggest nephrotic syndrome.
Choice E rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli, the tiny filters in the kidneys. It can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other conditions. While it can lead to kidney damage, it is not typically associated with recurrent UTIs or vesicoureteral reflux. The toddler’s symptoms and medical history do not indicate acute glomerulonephritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice C.
Choice A rationale
The inactivated polio virus (IPV) vaccine is typically administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 6-18 months of age, not at 12 months.
Choice B rationale
The hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months of age.
Choice C rationale
The varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is recommended to be given at 12-15 months of age for the first dose.
Choice D rationale
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for preteens aged 11-12 years, not for infants.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice A.
Choice A rationale
A dietitian should be consulted for a newly admitted child to assess and plan for the child’s nutritional needs, especially if the child has specific dietary requirements or is at risk for malnutrition.
Choice B rationale
An occupational therapist may be involved later in the child’s care, but they are not typically the first referral for a newly admitted child.
Choice C rationale
A physical therapist may be involved later in the child’s care, but they are not typically the first referral for a newly admitted child.
Choice D rationale
A speech-language pathologist may be involved later in the child’s care, but they are not typically the first referral for a newly admitted child.
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