A nurse in a provider’s office is caring for a 1-year-old toddler.
The child is at risk for developing
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C"}
Choice A rationale: Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects the kidneys. It is a serious condition that can occur when bacteria from a lower urinary tract infection, such as a bladder infection, travel up to the kidneys. The toddler’s history of multiple UTIs and current symptoms, including fever and lethargy, suggest that the infection may have progressed to the kidneys. Pyelonephritis can cause significant kidney damage if not treated promptly.
Choice B rationale: Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. These cysts can lead to kidney enlargement and impaired kidney function over time. However, this condition is not typically associated with recurrent UTIs or vesicoureteral reflux. The toddler’s symptoms and medical history do not indicate the presence of polycystic kidney disease.
Choice C rationale: Renal scarring can occur as a result of recurrent UTIs and vesicoureteral reflux. When urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys, it can cause repeated infections and inflammation, leading to scarring of the kidney tissue. Renal scarring can impair kidney function and increase the risk of chronic kidney disease. The toddler’s history of UTIs and vesicoureteral reflux puts them at risk for developing renal scarring.
Choice D rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to low blood protein levels, swelling, and increased cholesterol levels. It is not typically associated with recurrent UTIs or vesicoureteral reflux. The toddler’s symptoms and medical history do not suggest nephrotic syndrome.
Choice E rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli, the tiny filters in the kidneys. It can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other conditions. While it can lead to kidney damage, it is not typically associated with recurrent UTIs or vesicoureteral reflux. The toddler’s symptoms and medical history do not indicate acute glomerulonephritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice B.
Choice A rationale
Reinforcing the dressing may be necessary, but controlling bleeding is the immediate priority. Applying pressure just above the insertion site is the first step to control bleeding and prevent further blood loss.
Choice B rationale
Applying pressure just above the insertion site is the first step to control bleeding and prevent further blood loss. This action helps to stop the bleeding and stabilize the patient.
Choice C rationale
Obtaining vital signs is important, but it can wait momentarily until the bleeding is under control. The immediate priority is to stop the bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Monitoring the pulse distal to the insertion site is important, but controlling bleeding takes precedence. Once the bleeding is controlled, the nurse can then monitor the pulse. .
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice B.
Choice A rationale
Toddlers are typically more emotionally labile, meaning they experience rapid and intense emotional changes. This is a normal part of their development as they learn to navigate their emotions.
Choice B rationale
Frequent negative responses, such as saying “no” often, are common in toddlers. This behavior is part of their development as they assert their independence and test boundaries.
Choice C rationale
Toddlers are generally more resistant to routines as they seek to assert their independence and explore their environment. They may resist following set routines as a way of expressing their autonomy.
Choice D rationale
Increased dependency is not typical toddler behavior. Toddlers are usually striving for more independence and autonomy, even though they still rely on caregivers for support.
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