A nurse is planning care for a client who is in the manic phase of bipolar disorder.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?.
Have consistent unit routines.
Provide a stimulating environment.
Schedule daily seclusion times.
Discourage daytime napping.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is Choice A.
Choice A rationale:
Having consistent unit routines can provide a sense of stability and predictability, which can be beneficial for a client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder.
Choice B rationale:
Providing a stimulating environment can potentially exacerbate symptoms of mania, making it an inappropriate intervention.
Choice C rationale:
Scheduling daily seclusion times is not typically recommended as it can lead to feelings of isolation.
Choice D rationale:
Discouraging daytime napping can potentially lead to fatigue and worsen symptoms, so it’s not typically recommended.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A rationale:
Incorrect. While patients typically do sleep for a period after ECT, the duration is usually shorter, around 30-60 minutes.
Providing inaccurate information about the length of sleep can lead to confusion and anxiety for the patient.
Evidence: Studies have shown that the average recovery time following ECT is around 30-60 minutes, with most patients feeling alert and oriented within that time frame. (Source: NIH.gov) Choice B rationale:
Incorrect. While ECT can be highly effective in treating depression, it is not considered a cure. It's important to manage expectations and emphasize that ECT is a treatment option that can significantly improve symptoms but may not guarantee a complete cure.
Evidence: Research indicates that ECT has a remission rate of approximately 50-70% in patients with severe depression, meaning that many patients experience a significant reduction or disappearance of symptoms. However, relapse rates can range from 30-50%, indicating that ongoing maintenance treatment is often necessary. (Source: American Psychiatric Association)
Choice C rationale:
Incorrect. Muscle relaxants, not seizure-preventing medications, are administered during ECT to protect the patient from injury during the induced seizure. It's crucial to clarify this distinction to avoid misunderstandings about the procedure's mechanism of action.
Evidence: Standard ECT protocols involve the use of a short-acting muscle relaxant, such as succinylcholine, to prevent muscle contractions during the seizure. This helps to minimize the risk of physical injury and ensure patient safety. (Source: Healthline.com)
Choice D rationale:
Correct. Temporary memory loss is a common side effect of ECT, and it's essential to inform patients about this potential issue to prepare them for the experience and address any concerns they may have.
Evidence: Studies have shown that approximately 40-50% of patients experience some degree of memory impairment following ECT, primarily affecting short-term memory of events occurring around the time of treatment. However, this memory loss is usually temporary and resolves within a few weeks or months for most patients. (Source: Studocu.com)
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Increased water intake is not a specific teaching point for fluoxetine. While general hydration is important for overall health, it's not directly related to the medication's effectiveness or side effects.
Fluoxetine is not known to cause dehydration or require fluid intake beyond typical recommendations.
Focusing on water intake could potentially distract from more relevant education about the medication.
Choice B rationale:
Sedation and sleepiness are common side effects of fluoxetine, especially during the initial weeks of treatment.
It's important for the client to be aware of these potential side effects so they can make necessary adjustments to their activities, such as avoiding driving or operating machinery if drowsy.
Understanding that these side effects are expected can also help with adherence to treatment, as clients may be less likely to discontinue the medication if they know that the side effects are likely to subside over time.
Choice C rationale:
Fluoxetine can sometimes cause sexual side effects, such as decreased libido or difficulty achieving orgasm.
It's important for the client to be aware of this potential side effect, but it's not accurate to say that they will definitely notice an improvement in their sex drive.
Sexual side effects can be distressing and may impact treatment adherence, so open communication with the healthcare provider is essential if these issues arise.
Choice D rationale:
Fluoxetine can take several weeks, typically 4-6 weeks, to fully exert its therapeutic effects.
Expecting to feel better within 3-4 days could lead to disappointment and frustration if symptom improvement isn't immediately noticeable.
It's important for the client to understand that patience is needed while the medication takes effect.
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