A nurse in an emergency department (ED) is assisting in the care of a 4- year-old child.
Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the child is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to check the child's progress.
The Correct Answer is []
Condition:
Pyelonephritis: The presence of fever, frequent and painful urination, and costovertebral angle tenderness, along with the urinalysis findings (cloudy urine, leukocyte esterase, nitrites, WBCs) and elevated WBC count suggest an upper urinary tract infection, likely pyelonephritis.
Actions to Take:
Request prescription for antibiotics: Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that requires antibiotic treatment to prevent complications and resolve the infection.
Encourage increased fluid intake: This helps to flush bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the concentration of bacteria in the urine and helping to relieve symptoms.
Parameters to Monitor:
Child’s report of urgency: This can help assess if the infection is affecting the lower urinary tract as well and track the effectiveness of treatment.
Urine odor: Foul-smelling urine can indicate ongoing infection or bacterial presence and can be an indicator of the effectiveness of the treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Giving small amounts of oral rehydration solution frequently helps to prevent dehydration without overwhelming the child's stomach. This method is effective in rehydrating the child gradually and is well tolerated.
B. Fruit juices, especially those high in sugar, can worsen diarrhea and dehydration. They are not recommended for rehydration in cases of gastrointestinal infections.
C. While bananas and rice are part of the BRAT diet and can be included in meals, they do not address the immediate need for rehydration as effectively as oral rehydration solutions.
D. Promethazine is an antiemetic that is not typically indicated for mild dehydration and can have sedative side effects. Oral rehydration is the priority in managing mild dehydration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.Infants with HF tire easily; feeding them early, before they are overly fatigued and crying, conserves energy and helps them take in more nutrition. Smaller, more frequent feedings are often recommended.
B. A firm nipple may require more effort to suck, which can be tiring for an infant with heart failure. A softer nipple may be more appropriate.
C. Diluting the formula with water can lead to inadequate caloric intake and nutritional deficiencies. Formula should be prepared according to instructions to ensure proper nutrition.
D. Thickened feeds are sometimes used for reflux, not HF. Adding cereal increases caloric intake but also makes sucking/swallowing more difficult, increasing energy expenditure.
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