A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a patient who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a blood glucose level of 925 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the following prescriptions from the provider?
Dextrose 5% in 0,45% sodium chloride IV
Oral hypoglycemic medications
Glucocorticoid medications
0.9% sodium chloride IV
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride IV. – Incorrect. Dextrose is given later, after blood glucose drops below 250 mg/dL to prevent hypoglycemia.
B. Oral hypoglycemic medications. – Incorrect. DKA requires IV insulin, not oral medications.
C. Glucocorticoid medications. – Incorrect. Glucocorticoids can worsen hyperglycemia by increasing blood sugar.
D. 0.9% sodium chloride IV. – Correct Answer. Fluid resuscitation with normal saline is the first priority to correct hypovolemia caused by osmotic diuresis in DKA.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Give the patient access to a video about diabetes. – Incorrect. Educational materials are helpful but should be provided after assessing the patient's current knowledge level.
B. Determine what the patient knows about managing diabetes. – Correct Answer. The first step in teaching is to assess the patient's baseline knowledge to tailor the education to their needs.
C. Establish short-term, realistic goals for the patient. – Incorrect. Goal-setting is important but should come after assessing the patient’s knowledge and readiness to learn.
D. Evaluate the effectiveness of the patient's admission teaching plan. – Incorrect. The nurse should first determine what new information needs to be taught before evaluating previous teaching.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Moving objects prevents injury during a seizure.
B. Incorrect. The patient should be placed on their side to maintain airway patency.
C. Incorrect. Restraining the patient can cause injury.
D. Incorrect. Never insert anything into a seizing patient’s mouth, as it can obstruct the airway or break teeth.
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