A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a patient who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a blood glucose level of 925 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the following prescriptions from the provider?
Dextrose 5% in 0,45% sodium chloride IV
Oral hypoglycemic medications
Glucocorticoid medications
0.9% sodium chloride IV
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride IV. – Incorrect. Dextrose is given later, after blood glucose drops below 250 mg/dL to prevent hypoglycemia.
B. Oral hypoglycemic medications. – Incorrect. DKA requires IV insulin, not oral medications.
C. Glucocorticoid medications. – Incorrect. Glucocorticoids can worsen hyperglycemia by increasing blood sugar.
D. 0.9% sodium chloride IV. – Correct Answer. Fluid resuscitation with normal saline is the first priority to correct hypovolemia caused by osmotic diuresis in DKA.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Suggest the visitors stay a bit longer to provide support and distraction. – Noise and stimulation can worsen migraines.
B. Suggest the patient ambulates in the hallway to become fatigued, so they can rest. – Movement may increase pain.
C. Turn the lights and television off except for a night light. – Correct Answer. Migraines are worsened by light and noise, so a dark and quiet environment is best.
D. Turn on the television to be used as a distractor for the patient. – Bright lights and sound can aggravate symptoms.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Bring fresh-cut flowers to cheer the patient up. – Incorrect. Fresh flowers should be avoided due to the risk of fungal or bacterial infections in immunocompromised patients.
B. Take the patient to the cafeteria for meals. – Incorrect. Bone marrow transplant patients are at high risk for infection, and leaving the room increases exposure to pathogens.
C. A cover gown is not necessary when entering the patient’s room. – Incorrect. Depending on the hospital’s isolation precautions, visitors may be required to wear gowns and masks to protect the patient.
D. Do not visit if you have had a recent infection. – Correct Answer. Even mild infections can be life-threatening to patients undergoing a bone marrow transplant, so visitors should stay away if they are unwell.
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