A nurse in labor and delivery is caring for a client. Following delivery of the placenta, the nurse examines the umbilical cord. Which of the following vessels should the nurse expect to observe in the umbilical cord?

The correct answer is D. Prolonged labor

A. Umbilical cord prolapse is more commonly associated with breech presentations or other abnormal fetal positions. It is not a typical complication of occipital brow presentation.

B. Precipitous labor refers to an unusually rapid labor, and it is not a typical complication associated with occipital brow presentation. Prolonged labor is more likely.

C. Hypertonic uterine dysfunction involves excessive uterine contractions, and it is not specifically associated with occipital brow presentation. It is more commonly associated with other factors, such as maternal anxiety or use of oxytocin.

D. Prolonged labor is a complication that can be associated with occipital brow presentation.

Occipital brow presentation involves the fetal head being partially extended, and it can lead to difficulties in descending through the birth canal. This may result in a prolonged labor process.

The correct answer is A.

A. Shortness of breath: Shortness of breath can be a serious side effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and may indicate a potential risk of a blood clot or other cardiovascular issues. It is crucial for the client to seek medical attention promptly if experiencing shortness of breath.

B. Breakthrough bleeding: Breakthrough bleeding is a common side effect of COCs, especially during the first few months of use. While it can be bothersome, it is generally not considered a serious adverse effect. However, the healthcare provider may need to adjust the dosage or type of contraceptive if breakthrough bleeding persists.

C. Vomiting: Vomiting can decrease the absorption of COCs, and if vomiting occurs within a few hours after taking the pill, a backup form of contraception may be needed. However, it is not necessarily an adverse effect that requires immediate notification unless it leads to an inability to take the medication consistently.

D. Breast tenderness: Breast tenderness is a common side effect of hormonal contraceptives and is generally not considered a serious adverse effect. Clients are often advised to monitor for changes in breast tenderness, but it does not require immediate notification.