A nurse in the respiratory unit is caring for client who has a past medical history of heart failure and is currently admitted for asthma exacerbation. When reviewing the provider's orders further clarification is needed for which of the following medications?

Prednisone

Metropolol

Labetolol

Albuterol

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Prednisone:
Prednisone is a corticosteroid commonly used to reduce inflammation in conditions such as asthma. It is appropriate in this case for managing the asthma exacerbation, as steroids help to decrease airway inflammation and improve breathing. There is no immediate concern about prednisone in this client with both asthma and a history of heart failure.

B) Metoprolol:
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker, typically used for managing heart failure, hypertension, and arrhythmias. However, beta-blockers are generally avoided in asthma patients because they can exacerbate bronchospasm. In patients with asthma, beta-blockers can block beta-2 receptors in the lungs, leading to constriction of the airways and worsening respiratory symptoms.

C) Labetolol:
Labetolol is a beta-blocker with both alpha- and beta-blocking effects, which can help lower blood pressure and manage heart failure. While labetalol can also block beta-2 receptors, it has a relatively lower risk of causing bronchospasm compared to non-selective beta-blockers like metoprolol. However, it still poses some risk to patients with asthma. Given the patient's history of asthma, labetolol may still require caution, but it is generally considered safer than other beta-blockers.

D) Albuterol:
Albuterol is a bronchodilator used to relieve acute asthma symptoms and is commonly prescribed for asthma exacerbations. It works by stimulating beta-2 receptors in the lungs, leading to the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles and improved airflow. In this case, albuterol is an appropriate medication for managing asthma exacerbation and should be used to relieve symptoms of shortness of breath and wheezing.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Improved bladder function:
Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, has anticholinergic properties, meaning it blocks acetylcholine, which can cause side effects like urinary retention and dry mouth. While it may increase urinary retention, it is not primarily used to treat bladder function issues in Parkinson's disease.

B) Relief of depression:
Diphenhydramine is not prescribed for the treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease. It is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions and motion sickness, and sometimes for its anticholinergic effects in Parkinson's disease. While it may cause sedation, it does not address the neurochemical imbalances in the brain that cause depression, which is often treated with antidepressants such as SSRIs or SNRIs.

C) Decreased tremors:
Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic properties, which can help reduce tremors in patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is associated with a dopamine deficit, but acetylcholine also plays a role in motor control. The use of anticholinergic medications, such as diphenhydramine, can help restore balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain, leading to decreased tremors.

D) Delay in disease progression:
There is no evidence that diphenhydramine can delay the progression of Parkinson's disease. The disease is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, and current treatments, such as levodopa/carbidopa or dopamine agonists, primarily aim to manage symptoms rather than prevent progression.

A. Respiratoty acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Metabolic acidosis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Respiratory acidosis:
This condition is characterized by an increase in PaCO2 and a decrease in pH, which is exactly what is seen in these ABG results. The pH of 7.21 indicates acidosis (normal pH range is 7.35–7.45), and the PaCO2 of 50 is elevated (normal PaCO2 range is 35–45 mmHg), indicating that carbon dioxide retention is contributing to the acidosis. In respiratory acidosis, the lungs are unable to adequately expel CO2, leading to an accumulation of CO2 in the blood, which decreases the pH. The HCO3 (bicarbonate) is within normal range (22–28 mEq/L), suggesting that there has not yet been compensation by the kidneys, which would typically increase bicarbonate levels to buffer the acidosis.

B) Metabolic alkalosis:
Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an elevated pH (above 7.45) and an elevated HCO3 (above 28 mEq/L). In this case, the pH is low (7.21), and the bicarbonate level (HCO3) is normal (26), so metabolic alkalosis is not the correct diagnosis.

C) Respiratory alkalosis:
Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is decreased PaCO2 (below 35 mmHg) and an elevated pH (above 7.45), typically due to hyperventilation. Since the PaCO2 is elevated (50 mmHg) in this case, it rules out respiratory alkalosis.

D) Metabolic acidosis:
Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH (below 7.35) and a low HCO3 (below 22 mEq/L). While the pH is low in this case, the HCO3 is normal (26 mEq/L), which suggests that the acidosis is not metabolic in origin. Metabolic acidosis would typically show a low bicarbonate level, indicating that the kidneys are not able to compensate effectively.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse in the respiratory unit is caring for client who has a past medical history of heart failure and is currently admitted for asthma exacerbation. When reviewing the provider's orders further clarification is needed for which of the following medications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is taking diphenhydramine 25 mg PO TID. Which of the following therapeutic outcomes should the nurse expect to see?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

What condition do these results indicate? A nurse is reviewing arterial blood gas lab values on her newly admitted elderly client. The ABG results are as follows: pH 7.21, PaCO2 50, HCO3 26.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient taking Digoxin is experiencing severe bradycardia, nausea and vomiting. A lab draw shows that their Digoxin level is 4 ng/mi (0.8-2.0 ng/ml). What management does the nurse anticipate the physician to order? Select all that apply.

A client is admitted into the Cardiac ICU unit with a diagnosis of chronic stable angina. The nurse should teach the client that the most common characteristic of stable angina pain is that?

A senior nurse is providing instructions to a newly hired nurse about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. The senior nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts clients at risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia?

A nurse instructs a 60-year-old client diagnosed with asthma about using a peak expiratory flow meter. Which immediate action should the nurse recommend to the client that obtains a reading of 82% on their peak flow meter?

A nurse in the respiratory unit is caring for client who has a past medical history of heart failure and is currently admitted for asthma exacerbation. When reviewing the provider's orders further clarification is needed for which of the following medications?

A client with Parkinson's disease is prescribed carbidopa-levadopa [Sinemet]. Which of the following side effects does the nurse recognize can occur with this medication?

A client with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is scheduled to receive plasmapheresis treatments. A nurse explains to the client's spouse that the purpose of plasmapheresis is to: