A nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a client who is preoperative. Three days later, the client develops a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of infections?
Systemic
Health care-associated
Endogenous
Exogenous
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: A systemic infection would affect the entire body or multiple systems, not just the urinary tract. While a urinary tract infection can become systemic if it leads to sepsis, the scenario provided does not specify such progression.
Choice B reason: A health care-associated infection (HAI) is an infection that a patient acquires while receiving treatment for another condition within a healthcare setting. Since the infection occurred after the insertion of a urinary catheter in a hospital, it is considered an HAI.
Choice C reason: An endogenous infection originates from the host's own microbial flora. The scenario does not provide enough information to determine if the infection was caused by the client's own flora or by external sources.
Choice D reason: An exogenous infection comes from outside the body. While the urinary tract infection could be exogenous, the scenario suggests it is more likely to be health care-associated due to the timing and context of the catheter insertion.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Placing a client with active pulmonary TB in a room with positive airflow is not recommended, as positive airflow would push potentially contaminated air into general circulation, risking the spread of TB. Instead, a room with negative airflow is appropriate to contain and remove contaminated air.
Choice B reason: Determining whether the client lives alone or with others is important for public health and contact tracing purposes. If the client lives with others, those individuals may need to be tested and monitored for TB as well.
Choice C reason: Using an alcohol-based hand cleaner is a standard practice unless hands are visibly soiled. If hands are visibly soiled, handwashing with soap and water is necessary.
Choice D reason: Reminding the client to cover their mouth with a tissue when coughing is a key measure to prevent the spread of TB, which is transmitted through airborne particles from coughs or sneezes.
Choice E reason: Antifungal medications are not used to treat TB, which is caused by a bacterium, not a fungus. The client should be instructed about taking anti-tuberculosis medications, not antifungals.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Offering a beverage is a hospitable gesture but not the first step in taking a health history. The priority is to establish communication and trust.
Choice B reason: Confirming insurance coverage is important but not the initial step in the health history process. The focus should first be on the patient's immediate needs and concerns.
Choice C reason: Establishing a rapport with the patient is the first and most crucial step in taking a health history. It involves creating a comfortable and trusting environment for the patient to share personal health information.
Choice D reason: Asking the patient to disrobe and put on a gown may be necessary for a physical examination but is not the first step in taking a health history. The nurse should first establish a rapport with the patient.
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