A nurse instructs the patient that if ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is taken with antacids, absorption is

Not affected

delayed

increased

decreased

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Not affected:

This choice suggests that taking ciprofloxacin with antacids does not alter its absorption. However, this is not correct. When ciprofloxacin is taken with antacids containing certain ions (such as aluminum, magnesium, or calcium), the absorption of ciprofloxacin can indeed be affected due to the formation of insoluble complexes, leading to decreased absorption.

B. Delayed:

This choice implies that taking ciprofloxacin with antacids delays its absorption. While it's true that the interaction between ciprofloxacin and certain antacids can alter absorption, the main effect is not typically a delay in absorption but rather a decrease due to the formation of insoluble complexes. Therefore, while "delayed" may somewhat describe the effect, it doesn't fully capture the nature of the interaction.

C. Increased:

This choice suggests that taking ciprofloxacin with antacids increases its absorption. However, this is not accurate. Antacids containing aluminum, magnesium, or calcium can interfere with the absorption of ciprofloxacin by forming insoluble complexes with the drug, leading to decreased absorption rather than an increase.

D. Decreased:

This choice correctly identifies the effect of taking ciprofloxacin with antacids. When ciprofloxacin is taken concurrently with antacids containing aluminum, magnesium, or calcium, the absorption of ciprofloxacin is decreased. The ions in the antacids bind with ciprofloxacin in the gastrointestinal tract, forming insoluble complexes that are poorly absorbed, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the antibiotic.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Antibiotic dosages below the minimum concentration are prescribed:

This statement is incorrect. When treating MRSA infections, it's essential to prescribe antibiotic dosages that achieve adequate concentrations to effectively combat the resistant bacteria. Suboptimal dosages or inadequate duration of treatment can contribute to treatment failure and the development of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the nurse should emphasize the importance of prescribing appropriate dosages of antibiotics for MRSA infections.

B. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used whenever possible:

This statement is not accurate. While broad-spectrum antibiotics may be effective against a wide range of bacteria, they are not always the preferred choice for treating MRSA infections. MRSA is resistant to many antibiotics, including those commonly used as broad-spectrum agents. Therefore, the treatment of MRSA typically involves antibiotics that are specifically effective against this resistant strain, such as vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, or other agents based on susceptibility testing. Therefore, the nurse should educate the client that specific antibiotics effective against MRSA are used, rather than relying solely on broad-spectrum antibiotics.

C. Antibiotics are prescribed only when a viral infection is present:

This statement is incorrect. Antibiotics are not effective against viral infections, including those caused by viruses such as influenza or the common cold. MRSA is a bacterial infection, and antibiotics are indicated for its treatment. However, it's essential to use antibiotics judiciously and only when necessary to avoid contributing to antibiotic resistance. The nurse should educate the client that antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial infections like MRSA, but they are not appropriate for viral infections.

D. Infections become resistant to high doses of antibiotics:

This statement is accurate. Overuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics, including high doses, can contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance. Bacteria like MRSA can acquire resistance mechanisms that render antibiotics ineffective, even at high doses. Therefore, it's crucial to use antibiotics judiciously, following appropriate dosing guidelines and duration of treatment, to minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance. The nurse should include this information in the teaching to emphasize the importance of responsible antibiotic use in the management of MRSA infections.

A. Headaches B. Hives or shortness of breath C. Diarrhea D. Nausea

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Headaches:

Headaches are a common symptom that can occur for various reasons, including stress, tension, dehydration, or as a side effect of medications. While headaches can sometimes occur as a side effect of certain drugs, they are not specific indicators of a drug allergy. Allergic reactions to medications typically involve other symptoms such as rash, hives, itching, swelling, or respiratory symptoms.

B. Hives or shortness of breath:

Hives (urticaria) are raised, red, itchy welts on the skin that can occur as an allergic reaction to medications. They are a common manifestation of drug allergies. Shortness of breath (dyspnea) can occur as part of a severe allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms, including difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat or tongue, rapid heart rate, and low blood pressure. Both hives and shortness of breath are significant signs of a potential drug allergy and require immediate attention.

C. Diarrhea:

Diarrhea can occur as a side effect of medications, including antibiotics. However, it is not typically a specific indicator of a drug allergy. Diarrhea is more commonly associated with gastrointestinal disturbances or as a reaction to changes in gut flora due to antibiotic use.

D. Nausea:

Nausea is a common side effect of many medications, including antibiotics. While it can be bothersome, nausea alone is not a specific indicator of a drug allergy. Allergic reactions to medications typically involve other symptoms such as rash, hives, itching, swelling, or respiratory symptoms.

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A nurse instructs the patient that if ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is taken with antacids, absorption is

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Before starting antimicrobial therapy, the nurse assesses a patient for possible drug allergy. Which of the following complaints should alert the nurse to a drug allergy?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client has been prescribed isoniazid (INI) for tuberculosis. Which foods should the client avoid while taking this medication, as they are high in tyramine? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs). The nurse should identify that the client can use which of the following herbal supplements to help prevent UTIs?

When reviewing Ms. Robertson's culture and sensitivity test results, the nurse learns that the bacteria causing Ms. Robertson's infection are sensitive to penicillin. The nurse interprets this result to mean:

The patient is to be started on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. It is important for the nurse to check for the use of which herbs? (Select All that Apply)

The nurse is admitting a client to the acute care floor with methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The nurse would expect the physician to order which of the following medications for the client?

The nurse is discussing treatment for a superinfection with a client and family members. The family asks the nurse what a superinfection is. What is the best response by the nurse?

Mr. Thomas, who is receiving oral penicillin, reports that he has a sore mouth. On inspection, the nurse notes bright red oral mucous membranes with some white patches. The primary care provider is notified immediately because these symptoms may be caused by:

Which of the following would reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin?