A nurse is administering imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin) to a client who has a severe infection. The client asks the nurse why this medication is given in combination. The nurse should respond with which of the following statements?
“The combination enhances the antimicrobial activity of imipenem.”
“The combination reduces the risk of allergic reactions to imipenem.”
“The combination prevents the degradation of imipenem by renal enzymes.”
“The combination lowers the dosage requirement of imipenem.”.
The Correct Answer is C
T
he combination of imipenem and cilastatin prevents the degradation of imipenem by renal enzymes. Imipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic that works by interfering with the bacteria’s cell wall. Cilastatin is a dehydropeptidase inhibitor that inhibits the metabolism of imipenem by renal brush-border enzymes, thus increasing imipenem concentrations in urine.
Choice A is wrong because the combination does not enhance the antimicrobial activity of imipenem, but rather preserves its activity by preventing its breakdown.
Choice B is wrong because the combination does not reduce the risk of allergic reactions to imipenem, but rather increases the risk of side effects such as diarrhea, rash, fever, and seizures.
Choice D is wrong because the combination does not lower the dosage requirement of imipenem, but rather allows for higher dosages to be administered depending on the organism sensitivity and the severity of infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
The nurse should instruct the client to drink plenty of fluids and advise the client to avoid sunlight exposure when taking sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim).Drinking fluids can help prevent crystalluria and kidney damage caused by the medication.Avoiding sunlight exposure can prevent photosensitivity reactions that can cause skin rash, itching, or burning.
Choice A is wrong because sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim does not affect blood glucose levels.This is a possible side effect of some other antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones.
Choice D is wrong because sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim can be taken with or without food.Taking it with food may help reduce nausea or stomach upset, but it is not necessary.
Choice E is wrong because sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim does not affect platelet count.This is a possible side effect of some other antibiotics, such as penicillins or cephalosporins.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
T
he combination of imipenem and cilastatin prevents the degradation of imipenem by renal enzymes.Imipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic that works by interfering with the bacteria’s cell wall.Cilastatin is a dehydropeptidase inhibitor that inhibits the metabolism of imipenem by renal brush-border enzymes, thus increasing imipenem concentrations in urine.
Choice A is wrong because the combination does not enhance the antimicrobial activity of imipenem, but rather preserves its activity by preventing its breakdown.
Choice B is wrong because the combination does not reduce the risk of allergic reactions to imipenem, but rather increases the risk of side effects such as diarrhea, rash, fever, and seizures.
Choice D is wrong because the combination does not lower the dosage requirement of imipenem, but rather allows for higher dosages to be administered depending on the organism sensitivity and the severity of infection.
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