A nurse is admitting a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following types of continuous infusions should the nurse initiate?
0.45% saline
NPH insulin
0.9% normal saline
Glargine insulin
The Correct Answer is C
A. 0.45% saline. This is a hypotonic solution, which may be used later in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) management, but it is not appropriate for initial fluid resuscitation as it does not rapidly expand intravascular volume.
B. NPH insulin. NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin and is not used for continuous infusion. In DKA, rapid insulin correction is needed, typically with a short-acting insulin like regular insulin.
C. 0.9% normal saline. This isotonic fluid is the first-line choice for fluid replacement in clients with DKA. It helps restore circulating volume and correct dehydration quickly, which is a critical initial intervention.
D. Glargine insulin. Glargine is a long-acting insulin and not suitable for IV infusion. DKA requires the use of short-acting insulin (e.g., regular insulin) administered via IV infusion to correct hyperglycemia and acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Offer the client's meals on a different schedule. Changing the schedule may not address the core issue if the meals themselves do not align with the client’s preferences or cultural needs. It is not the most effective initial approach.
B. Discuss the client's food preferences with the hospital's dietitian. Collaborating with a dietitian allows for the modification of the meal plan to better align with the client’s preferences while still meeting nutritional and medical requirements. This supports client-centered care and improves adherence.
C. Request the provider change the client's prescribed diet. The provider may be involved later if significant changes are needed, but the dietitian is the appropriate first contact for customizing a prescribed diet based on individual preferences.
D. Allow the client's family to bring food from home for the client. While this can be an option, it must first be approved by the healthcare team to ensure the food aligns with the therapeutic diet and does not compromise the client’s condition.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Orange slices. Vitamin C-rich foods like oranges enhance the absorption of nonheme iron, which is found in plant-based sources such as legumes, leafy greens, and fortified cereals. This is especially important for vegetarians who rely on nonheme iron sources.
B. Boiled eggs. While eggs contain iron, they also contain phosphoproteins that can actually inhibit iron absorption. They do not enhance the absorption of nonheme iron and are not ideal for this purpose.
C. Mixed nuts. Nuts provide a source of nonheme iron but do not significantly enhance iron absorption. They lack vitamin C, which is essential for improving nonheme iron bioavailability.
D. Cheddar cheese. Dairy products like cheese contain calcium, which can inhibit iron absorption. They are not recommended to enhance iron uptake, particularly when consuming nonheme iron.
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