A nurse is admitting a client who reports chest pain.

Exhibits

The nurse is preparing the client for the cardiac catheterization (coronary angiography). Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Mark the surgical site with an "X

Ask the client about their last food and fluid intake

Educate the client that they will need to keep their leg straight for 6 hours after the procedure.

Ask the client about their prescribed, over the counter, and herbal medication use

Begin prophylactic heparin therapy prior to the procedure

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

A. Marking the surgical site with an "X" is not typically done for cardiac catheterization. Instead, the healthcare provider may mark the site if necessary, but this is usually done by the surgeon or interventional cardiologist.

B. Asking about food and fluid intake is crucial because the client will need to be NPO (nothing by mouth) for several hours before the procedure to reduce the risk of aspiration during sedation or anesthesia.

C. Educating the client about keeping their leg straight after the procedure is necessary, but this typically occurs after the procedure, not before. This helps prevent complications such as bleeding or clot formation at the insertion site.

D. Asking about prescribed, over-the-counter, and herbal medications is important because certain medications, especially anticoagulants and blood thinners, need to be stopped before the procedure to minimize the risk of bleeding during catheterization.

E. Prophylactic heparin therapy may be ordered by the provider, but it is not typically administered by the nurse before the procedure unless specifically ordered.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Troponins (specifically troponin I and T) are proteins released when the heart muscle is damaged. They are the most specific and sensitive markers for myocardial injury, especially in diagnosing a myocardial infarction (MI).

B. Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme found in various tissues, including the heart. CK-MB is a cardiac isoenzyme, but it is not as specific for myocardial injury as troponins. It can also be elevated in other conditions like muscle injury.

C. Homocysteine (Hcy) is an amino acid that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease but does not serve as an immediate marker for myocardial damage.

D. Myoglobin is an early marker of muscle injury, but it lacks specificity for myocardial damage as it can also rise in skeletal muscle injury, making it less reliable than troponins.

A. Diabetes B. HDL cholesterol C. Triglycerides D. Total cholesterol

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A fasting blood glucose level of 98 mg/dL is within the normal range (70–99 mg/dL), indicating no immediate concern for diabetes.

B. An HDL cholesterol level of 58 mg/dL is considered protective against CAD, as higher HDL levels are associated with a lower risk of heart disease.

C. Triglyceride levels of 120 mg/dL are within the normal range (less than 150 mg/dL), so they do not require follow-up.

D. A total cholesterol level of 210 mg/dL is slightly above the recommended level of less than 200 mg/dL. Elevated cholesterol, particularly LDL cholesterol, is a key modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD).

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A nurse is admitting a client who reports chest pain. Exhibits The nurse is preparing the client for the cardiac catheterization (coronary angiography). Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is admitting a client who reports chest pain.

Exhibits

The nurse is preparing the client for the cardiac catheterization (coronary angiography). Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)